Publication: The role of oxidative stress
in corneal diseases and injuries
Authors
Čejková, J. ; Čejka, Č
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Publisher
F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-11-611
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
In various corneal injuries (such as chemical
burns or irradiation of corneas with UVB radiation) and
ocular diseases (e.g. dry eye disease, keratokonus,
bullous keratopathy, Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy), the
expressions of malondialdehyde (a marker of lipid
peroxidation) and nitrotyrosine (a marker of oxidative
stress) appeared in cells of individual corneal layers and
conjunctival cells (dry eye disease). This is in contrast to
healthy corneas in which negligible levels of
malondialdehyde and no expressions of nitrotyrosine are
present. The injured or diseased corneas reveal
decreased capacity of antioxidants (enzymatic as well as
non-enzymatic), whereas the levels of pro-oxidants (e.g.
oxidases that generate reactive oxygen species) remain
at physiological levels or even increase, leading to the
antioxidant/prooxidant imbalance and oxidative stress.
Oxidative stress in the cornea stimulates generation of
pro-inflammatory cytokines, proteolytic enzymes and
enzymes that generate nitric oxide (nitric oxide
synthases). An abundant amout of reactive oxygen
species and nitric oxide lead to the formation of toxic
reactive products contributing to tissue damage. This
review aims to summarize immunohistochemical
changes in severe corneal injuries and diseases in which
oxidative stress has been proved.
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Citation
Histology and histopathology, Vol. 30, nº 8 (2015)
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