Publication: Alterations in the alveolar epithelium
after injury leading to pulmonary fibrosis
Authors
Kasper, M. ; Haroske, G.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
This review discusses current knowledge of
the involvement of the alveolar epithelium in tissue
remodelling during fibrogenesis. The purpose of the
present paper is to give an overview, including the
authors' own results, of knowledge of ultrastructural
alterations, proliferation kinetics and phenotypic changes
of pneumocytes in experimental and clinical pathology
of pulmonary fibrosis. After lung injury, the alveolar
epithelial cells show ultrastructural alterations,
hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and a modulation of a
series of structural and membrane proteins such as
cytoskeletal changes, loss or de novo expression of
epithelial adhesion molecules, and altered lectin binding.
Furthermore, enhanced secretion of proteases, of
cytokines and other soluble factors can be observed in
the alveolar epithelium. These findings suggest the
contribution of the epithelium in the remodelling process
to be greater than expected. Estimations of the cell
kinetics show that type 11 pneumocytes have the
proliferative capacity to restore high proportions of
damaged type 1 cells within few hours. In fibrosis this
capacity also seems to be affected seriously, resulting in
transitional phenotypes between type 11 and type 1 cells.
Additionally, in the light of the detection of CD44 type
of adhesion molecules at the foot processes of type 11
pneumocytes, some aspects of epithelial-fibroblast
interaction are described.
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