Publication: Cytokeratin expression patterns in normal and malignant urothelium, a review of the biological and diagnostic implications
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Date
1999
Authors
Southgate, J. ; Harnden, P. ; Trejdosiewicz, L.K.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
The cytokeratins are the intermediate
filament proteins characteristic of epithelial cells. In
human cells, some 20 different cytokeratin isotypes
have been identified. Epithelia1 cells express between
two and ten cytokeratin isotypes and the consequent
profile which reflects both epithelial type and
differentiation status may be useful in tumour diagnosis.
The transitional epithelium or urothelium of the
urinary tract shows alterations in the expression and
configuration of cytokeratin isotypes related to
stratification and differentiation. In transitional cell
carcinoma, changes in cytokeratin profile may provide
information of potential diagnostic and prognostic
significance. The intensification of immunolabelling
with some CK8 and CK18 antibodies may underly an
active role in tumour invasion and foci of CK17-positive
cells may represent proliferating populations. Loss of
CK13 is a marker of grade and stage and de novo
expression of CK14 is indicative of squamous
differentiation and an unfavourable prognosis. However,
perhaps the most important recent finding is the
demonstration that a normal CK20 expression pattern is
predictive of tumour non-recurrence and can be used to
make an objective differential diagnosis between
transitional cell papilloma and carcinoma. This review
will consider cytokeratin expression in urothelium and
discuss the application of cytokeratin typing to the
diagnosis and prognosis of patients with TCC.
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