Publication: The modifications produced in allergic alveolitis and in goodpasture's syndrome due to exposure to cigarette smoke
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Date
1991
Authors
Escolar Castellón, J.de D. ; Roche Roche, P.A. ; Escolar castellón, A. ; Miñana Amada, C.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Two groups of rats with experimental
alveolitis were exposed to cigarette smoke. After
comparing the results, the possible muffling effect of
the cigarette smoke related to interstitial lung disease
was discussed.
180 rats were divided into 6 groups of 30 animals
each: Group 1: untreated controls; Group 2: exposed
to cigarette smoke for 2 months: Group 3: sensitized
with bovine albumin (BA) and exposed to an
atmosphere with this antigen for two months, to
reproduce a type of extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA);
Group 4: treated with a single daily dose of anti-lung
serum for three days followed by two days without
treatment, to reproduce a type of Goodpasture's
syndrome; Group 5: exposed to cigarette smoke and
to BA; Group 6: exposed to cigarette smoke and
treated with anti-lung serum. The animals were
sacrificed and their lungs were treated for:
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), percentage
lymphocyte count, polymorphonuclear (PMN) and
alveolar macrophages (AM); semiquantitative and
morphometric histological study. The semiquantitative
study determined the area of the studied lung incision,
affected by granulomae, increased alveolar aerial
spaces, thickened alveolar walls and haemosiderine
lung area. The morphometric study, based on the
linear integration method, evaluated: the distance between two alveolar walls, the amount of interstice
per field; and the number of AM with haemosiderine
per field was counted.
From the results we point out that the treated
animals had significantly higher lymphocyte and BAL
PMN counts than the untreated ones; no significant
differences were found between the singly and doubly
treated animals. The animals exposed to cigarette
smoke and treated with anti-lung serum were those that showed the least number of lymphocytes and
PMN of all the treated animals. The semiquantitative
variables studied were all increased in comparison
to the control group, most of the increases being
significant. The morphometric variables revealed
significant differences with respect to the untreated
group, except for the animals which were treated
with anti-lung serum and cigarette smoke, which
showed a minimum decrease in the alveolar size
and a slight increase of the interstitial tissue.
Only one morphometric variable showed a significant
difference between the group treated with anti-lung
serum and the one treated with anti-lung serum
and cigarette smoke: the number of AM with
haemosiderine in the lung.
From the results we conclude that: 1) exposure to
cigarette smoke causes alveolo-interstitial alterations
which are detected by means of BAL and histology;
2) these alterations have no adjuvant effect
when combined with the administration of BA; 3) the
alveolo-interstitial affection found in the animals
exposed to cigarette smoke and anti-lung serum
is lower than in the animals which were only given
anti-lung serum.
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