Stances on hate speech: Population opinions and attitudes

Cáceres Zaparero, M. D.; Paz Rebollo, M. A.; Brändle, Gaspar

Publication:
Stances on hate speech: Population opinions and attitudes

dc.contributor.author	Cáceres Zaparero, M. D.
dc.contributor.author	Paz Rebollo, M. A.
dc.contributor.author	Brändle, Gaspar
dc.contributor.department	Sociología
dc.date.accessioned	2023-09-12T22:10:52Z
dc.date.available	2023-09-12T22:10:52Z
dc.date.issued	2023
dc.description	© 2023. This document is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/ This document is the published version that appeared in Profesional de la información. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.jul.10
dc.description.abstract	This research aims to know the opinions and attitudes of the Spanish population towards hate speech through a survey of 1,022 persons of both sexes and over 16 years of age. The results show a high awareness of hate speech: participants could identify these messages, assess their different intensities of severity, and understand the harm it causes. This high awareness may be because almost half of the sample has felt alluded to by these types of messages at some point. This group is more proactive in denouncing and counterattacking hate messages, although it is more frequent to remain on the sidelines. There is a hierarchy in the ratings in which racist and sexist comments are considered more severe thanthose directed at other minority groups (e.g., homeless people). Among the main reasons why people publish these expressions, participants point to the education of the authors, in particular, the rudeness and disrespect that are also perceived as a generalized aspect in today’s society. The polarized Spanish political context is seen as beneficial to the appearance of these messages, as well as the lack of a democratic culture that respects ideological diversity. What is most interesting is that although there is awareness of the seriousness of hate messages in other spheres and towards various groups, hate speech has become normalized in politics, as previously stated.
dc.format	application/pdf	es_ES
dc.format.extent	14
dc.identifier.citation	Profesional de la información, 2023, v. 32, n. 4
dc.identifier.citation	https://www.profesionaldelainformacion.com/revista-epi/
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.jul.10
dc.identifier.issn	1386-6710
dc.identifier.issn	1699-2407
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10201/133823
dc.language	eng	es_ES
dc.relation.isreferencedby	ED_IDENTRADA=1165
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess	*
dc.rights	Atribución 4.0 Internacional	*
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	*
dc.subject	Anti-hate	es_ES
dc.subject	Hate speech	es_ES
dc.subject	Perception	es_ES
dc.subject	Social media	es_ES
dc.subject	Hate speech detection
dc.subject	Opinions
dc.subject	Attitudes
dc.subject	Surveys
dc.subject	Digital media
dc.subject	Political polarization
dc.subject	Hate severity
dc.subject	Spain
dc.title	Stances on hate speech: Population opinions and attitudes	es_ES
dc.type	info:eu-repo/semantics/article	es_ES
dspace.entity.type	Publication	es
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