Publication: Morphological and immunohistochemical evaluation of ganglion cysts. Cross-sectional study of 354 cases
Authors
O’Valle, Francisco ; Hernández-Cortés, Pedro ; Aneiros Fernández, José ; Caba Molina, Mercedes ; Gómez-Morales, Mercedes ; Cámara, Miguel ; Payá, Jorge A. ; Aguilar, David ; Del Moral, Raimundo G. ; Aneiros, Jose
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Publisher
F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the
morphology and immunophenotype of ganglion cysts
(GCs) and explore their histogenetic origin. Material and
Methods: A cross-sectional morphological and
immunohistochemical study of 354 GCs used the
following antibody panel: vimentin, specific actin, ß-
actin, smooth-muscle actin, smoothelin, h-caldesmon, ß-
catenin, desmin, calponin, podoplanin, keratins 5/6, Ecadherin,
cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), lysozyme, CD10,
CD31, CD33, CD34, CD68, Ki-67, and PCNA. Doubleblind
semi-quantitative analyses were conducted to
evaluate the immunopositivity on a 4-point scale.
Samples from 10 synovial membranes and 10
scapholunate ligaments were compared.
GCs showed a hyalinized wall with mesenchymal
spindle cells and were intensely positive for vimentin,
actins, h-caldesmon, calponin in all cases and for
podoplanin in 53% of cases, suggesting features of early
muscle differentiation, without ruling out a
myofibroblastic origin. Focal cavity lining of nonsynovial
flat or raised cells (CD34/CD31/CD10/Ecadherin-negative
and podoplanin-positive in 34% of
cases) was detected in 93% of cases, showing
differential expression with synovial membrane and
scapholunate ligament cells. Nuclear positivity for
proliferative markers was observed in GC wall cells
(258.1±255; 1019.3±316 positive cells/mm2, Ki-67 and
PCNA, respectively) but positivity for these markers was
significantly lower (p<0.001 Mann Whitney U-test) in
scapholunate ligament samples.
Conclusion: In this first immunohistochemical study of
GCs, focal cellular lining of the cavity was observed in
almost all cases, and the immunophenotype was
identical to that of GC wall cells. These cells are
immunohistochemically different from synoviocytes and
scapholunate ligament cells and show characteristics of
myofibroblasts or mesenchymal cells undergoing early
muscle differentiation.
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Citation
Histology and Histopathology, vol. 29, nº 5, (2014)
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