Publication: Cytokines and pulmonary inflammatory and immune diseases
Authors
Xing, Z. ; Jordana, M. ; Gauldie, J. ; Wang, J.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Cytokines are important soluble signalling
molecules that dictate and coordinate inflammatory and
immune responses. Further understanding the role
of cytokines in the pathobiologic mechanisms of
pulmonary inflammatory and immune diseases holds the
key to the development of effective prophylactic and
therapeutic strategies. In the last several years, the use of
models of human pulmonary diseases established either
in normal adult animals, mice deficient for a given
immune cell type or cytokine, or mice engineered to
overexpress a given cytokine, has remarkably facilitated
our understanding of the mechanisms operating
in human disease. Cytokines that are involved in
pulmonary inflammatory and immune conditions may be
generally divided into groups of pro-inflammatory, antiinflammatory
and growth-stimulatory cytokines. While
pro-inflammatory cytokines can be detrimental under
such severe conditions as endotoxemia and fibrosis, they
are required in host resistance against infectious agents.
Anti-inflammatory cytokines play an important role in
controlling the extent of tissue inflammatory/irnmune
responses. Overexpression of growth-stimulatory
cytokines are often directly associated with tissue
fibrotic responses. In this review, the findings attained
from experimental models by us and others were
discussed with emphasis on cellular and histopathologic
alterations, cytokine-mediated molecular mechanisms
and the prospects of cytokine-based therapeutic
strategies. Due to the restricted space, we chose to focus
only on models for endotoxic lung, endotoxemia, acute
pulmonary infections by extracellular Gram-negative
bacteria, chronic pulmonary infections by intracellular
myco-bacteria, allergic airways inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis.
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