Publication: Conjugated linoleic acids CLAs and white adipose tissue: how both in vitro and
in vivo studies tell the story of a relationship
Authors
Domeneghini, C. ; Di Giancamillo, A. ; Corino, C.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
The distribution of adipose tissue in
mammals is dependent on genetic and environmental
factors, and in health the fundamental role of adipocytes
is to store triacylglycerol during energetic excess and to
mobilize this reserve during energy expenditure or
reduced food intake. This requires an accurate balance,
which is maintained through the interactions of several
regulatory factors, as well as dietary manipulations.
Dietary supplementation with CLAs (conjugated linoleic
acids) is regarded as promising in many mammalian
species for obtaining good body mass repartition and
diminution of fat depots.
CLAs are a group of positional and geometric
isomers of conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic
acid, naturally present in foods originating from
ruminant species, and normally present in human
adipose tissue. CLAs can, however, also be obtained as
commercial supplements, usually containing
synthetically prepared isomeric mixtures, and as dietary
supplements CLAs are widely used by obese people,
above all in the USA and Europe. CLAs are claimed to
have protective effects against human degenerative
pathologies, such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and
diabetes, as well as showing beneficial effects on immune functions and food and energy intakes. The
mechanisms of action of CLAs are not fully clarified at
present, because in vitro and in vivo studies are not
always in agreement, and possibly because CLAs act in
different ways and with different consequences when
administered in the diet to different species. The present
review summarizes the ascertained mechanisms of
action of CLAs, the mammalian species of major interest
in which important studies have been conducted, and the
future prospects for the use of CLAs in both humans and
food animal species.
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