Publication: Intracellular cholesterol trafficking
Authors
Sviridov, D.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
The overall picture of intracellular
cholesterol trafficking is very complex. The transfer of
cholesterol within the cell depends on the contribution of
several trafficking mechanisms. The known elements of
cholesterol trafficking machinery include clathrin-coated
pits, scavenger receptor type B1, caveolae, phospholipd
rafts, Niemann-Pick C disease protein, sterol carrier
protein 2, multidrug resistance protein, microsomal
triglyceride transfer protein and steroidogenic acute
regulation protein. Several pathways of intracellular
cholesterol trafficking, for example retroendocytosis and
cholesterol absorption in the intestine, are yet to be
connected to specific structural elements. The
contribution of different pathways depends on cell type,
the source and destination of cholesterol and cellular
cholesterol content and requirements. Some pathways
are found in most, if not all, cell types, while others are
associated with the specialized function of a particular
cell type, for example, lipoprotein assembly in the liver
or intestine and steroid hormone synthesis in steroidogenic
tissue. Certain routes of intracellular cholesterol
trafficking are heavily backed up by several auxiliary
pathways, others entirely depend on a single functional
element. In this review we describe the intracellular
machinery involved in the intracellular transfer of
cholesterol and give an overview of both the general and
specialized pathways of intracellular cholesterol
trafficking known to date.
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