Publication: Emerging evidence of molecular biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors
Umeda, Shinichi ; Kanda, Mitsuro ; Kodera, Yasuhiro
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de BiologĂa Celular e HistologĂa
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DOI
DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-936
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third
most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide.
Patients with HCC generally present at an advanced
stage resulting in death within 6-20 months. Therefore,
novel treatment modalities and sensitive prognostic
markers that can decrease the mortality rate of HCC are
required. HCC is a complex and heterogeneous tumor
with multiple genetic aberrations. It has been well
described that accumulation of genetic and epigenetic
changes leads to the clonal selection of cancer cells
harboring aggressive tumor behavior. Aberrant
expression of cancer-related genes is one of the
hallmarks of cancer cells and plays a role in
hepatocarcinogenesis. Epigenetic alterations, such as the
alteration of DNA methylation and histone modification
in cancer cells, can also induce the activation and
inactivation of cancer-related genes. Studies have shed
light on the link between HCC-related genes and
molecules, and a better understanding of the mechanisms
of HCC pathogenesis could be translated into clinical
biomarker tools. Moreover, analyses of genetic and
epigenetic alterations have identified potential
biomarkers that might be targeted therapeutically. In this
review, we update the current knowledge of biomarkers
in HCC, examine recently published literature, and
introduce some representative molecules in each
category.
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Citation
Histology and Histopathology, Vol.33, nÂş4, (2018)
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