Publication: Medial and adventitial macrophages are associated with expansive atherosclerotic remodeling in rabbit femoral artery
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Date
2008
Authors
Yamashita, A. ; Shoji, K. ; Tsuruda, T. ; Furukoji, E. ; Takahashi, M. ; Nishihira, K. ; Tamura, S. ; Asada, Yujiro
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Expansive vascular remodeling is considered
a feature of vulnerable plaques. Although inflammation
is upregulated in the media and adventitia of
atherosclerotic lesions, its contribution to expansive
remodeling is unclear. We investigated this issue in
injured femoral arteries of normo- and hyperlipidemic
rabbits fed with a conventional (CD group; n=20) or a
0.5% cholesterol (ChD group; n=20) diet. Four weeks
after balloon injury of the femoral arteries, we examined
vascular wall alterations, localization of macrophages
and matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-1, -2, -9, and
extracellular matrix. Neointimal formation with luminal
stenosis was evident in both groups, while expansive
remodeling was observed only in the ChD group. Areas
immunopositive for macrophages, MMP-1, -2 and -9
were larger not only in the neointima, but also in the
media and/or adventitia in the injured arterial walls of
the ChD, than in the CD group. Areas containing smooth
muscle cells (SMCs), elastin and collagen were smaller
in the injured arterial walls of the ChD group. MMP-1,
-2 and -9 were mainly localized in infiltrating
macrophages. MMP-2 was also found in SMCs and
adventitial fibroblasts. Vasa vasorum density was significantly increased in injured arteries of ChD group
than in those of CD group. These results suggest that
macrophages in the media and adventitia play an
important role in expansive atherosclerotic remodeling
via extracellular matrix degradation and SMC reduction.
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