Outdoor fate and environmental impact of polymer solar cells through leaching and emission to rainwater and soil

Espinosa, Nieves; Zimmermann, Yannick; Reis Benatto, Gisele dos; Lenz, Markus; Krebs, Frederik C.

Publication:
Outdoor fate and environmental impact of polymer solar cells through leaching and emission to rainwater and soil

dc.contributor.author	Espinosa, Nieves
dc.contributor.author	Zimmermann, Yannick
dc.contributor.author	Reis Benatto, Gisele dos
dc.contributor.author	Lenz, Markus
dc.contributor.author	Krebs, Frederik C.
dc.contributor.department	Física
dc.date.accessioned	2024-02-08T12:06:39Z
dc.date.available	2024-02-08T12:06:39Z
dc.description	Open Access Article. Published on 20 April 2016. Downloaded on 2/8/2024 12:15:26 AM. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.
dc.description.abstract	The emission of silver and zinc to the aqueous environment (rain, fog, dew) from polymer solar cells installed outdoors is presented. Studies included pristine solar cells and solar cells subjected to mechanical damage under natural weather conditions in Denmark. We find the emission of silver and zinc to the environment through precipitated water for damaged solar cells, and also observed failure and emission from an initially undamaged device in an experiment that endured for 6 months. In the case of the damaged cells, we found that the drinking water limits for Ag were only exceeded on a few single days. We also progressed our studies to include end-of-life management. To assess the implications of improper practices (uncontrolled disposal, landfilling) at the endof-life, we buried different OPV types in intact and damaged forms in soil columns. In the case of high Ag emission (shredded cells), the potential for migration was confirmed, even though the soil was found to exhibit sequestration of silver. We conclude that recycling of Ag at the end-of-life is mandatory from an environmental point of view.	en
dc.format	application/pdf	es
dc.format.extent	7
dc.identifier.citation	Energy & Environmental Science, 2016, 9, 1674-1680
dc.identifier.doi	10.1039/c6ee00578k
dc.identifier.issn	Print: 1754-5692
dc.identifier.issn	Electronic: 1754-5706
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10201/138997
dc.language	eng	es
dc.publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
dc.relation	This work has been also supported by the Danish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Higher Education under a Sapere Aude Top Scientist grant (no. DFF – 1335-00037A). The COST Action MP1307 is thanked for their funding of a short term scientific mission.	es
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess	es
dc.rights	Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional	*
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/	*
dc.title	Outdoor fate and environmental impact of polymer solar cells through leaching and emission to rainwater and soil	es
dc.type	info:eu-repo/semantics/article	es
dspace.entity.type	Publication	es