Publication: To NO or not to NO, where, is the question
Authors
Govers, R. ; Oess, S.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous radical with
unique biological functions essential for the
cardiovascular system, host defense and neurotransmission.
For two decades it was thought that NO
was able to diffuse freely across relatively long distances
and to traverse major parts of the cell, if not multiple cell
layers. However, NO has been proven to be extremely
reactive: it reacts with other reactive oxygen species,
heavy metals, as well as with cysteine and tyrosine
residues in proteins. In accordance, it is now widely
accepted that once NO is generated, it is very short-lived
and diffuses only over a short distance. This urges for
the local production of NO and the localization of NO
synthases in the proximity of their downstream targets.
This review discusses the highly organized localization
of NO synthases, with the endothelial isoform (eNOS) as
its main focus, since from this synthase most is known
about its subcellular localization and regulation.
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