Publication: Ultrastructural evidence in vitro of osteoclast-induced degradation of calcium phosphate ceramic by simultaneous resorption and phagocytosis mechanisms
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Date
2001
Authors
Heymann, D. ; Guicheux, J. ; Rousselle, A.V.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Osteoclasts are physiological polykaryons
specialized in the resorption of calcified tissue. In the
context of the clinical use of calcium-phosphate (Cap)
ceramics as bone substitutes, this study used
transmission electron microscopy to investigate the in
vitro mechanisms of Cap ceramic degradation by
osteoclastic cell types. Osteoclasts cultured on Cap
ceramic developed typical ultrastructural features of
bone osteoclasts, such as a polarized dome shape, a clear
zone and a ruffled border. Modification of the shape and
density of Cap crystals under the ruffled border
indicated an acidic microenvironment. Moreover,
osteoclasts were able to degrade ceramic by
simultaneous resorption and phagocytosis mechanisms.
Phagocytosis did not alter the ability of osteoclasts to
resorb Cap ceramic. The phagocytosis mechanism
consisted of three steps: crystal phagocytosis,
disappearance of the endophagosome envelope
membrane and fragmentation of phagocytosed crystals
within the cytoplasm. The common mechanism of
phagocytosis described here is similar to that observed
with the monocyte/macrophage lineage, confirming that
osteoclasts are part of the mononuclear phagocyte
system. Osteoclasts are thus clearly involved in Cap
degradation by means of resorption and phagocytosis
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