Publication: Pathophysiology of stem cells in restenosis
Authors
Forte, A. ; Cipollaro, M. ; Cascino, A. ; Galderisi, U.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Recent evidence has shown that vascular
function depends not only on cells within the vessels, but
is also significantly modulated by circulating cells
derived from the bone marrow. A number of studies
indicate that an early reendothelialization by circulating
endothelial precursors after vascular injury prevents
excessive cell proliferation and restenosis. Conversely,
other studies concluded that the homing of other cell
fractions, consisting mainly of smooth muscle
precursors, cause pathological remodelling. Different
cell types have been identified and characterized so far
as circulating precursors able to participate in vascular
repair by homing and differentiating towards endothelial
cells or smooth muscle cells. Among these, endothelial
precursor cells, smooth muscle progenitor cells,
mesenchymal stem cells and others have been described.
The origins, the hierarchy, the role and the markers of
these different cell populations are still controversial.
Nevertheless, different strategies have been developed so
far in animal models to induce the mobilization and the
recruitment of stem cells to the injury site, based on
physical training, hormone injection and application of
stem cell-capturing coated stents.
It should also be mentioned that the limited data
currently available derived from clinical trials provide
contrasting results about the effective role of vascular
cell precursors in restenosis prevention, thus indicating
that conclusions derived from studies in animal models
cannot always be directly applied to humans and that
caution should be used in the manipulation of circulating
progenitor cells for therapeutic strategies.
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