Publication:
Response inhibition, cognitive flexibility and working memory in obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and social anxiety disorder

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Date
2021
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Authors
Rosa-Alcázar, Ana Isabel ; Rosa-Alcázar, Ángel ; Martínez-Esparza, Inmaculada C. ; Storch, Eric A. ; Olivares-Olivares, Pablo J.
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Publisher
MDPI
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Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073642
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).
Abstract
Abstract: This study analyzed response inhibition, cognitive flexibility and working memory in three groups of patients diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, considering some variables that may influence results (nonverbal reasoning, comorbidity, use of pharmacotherapy). Neuropsychological measures were completed using a computerized Wisconsin card sorting test, Stroop color word test, go/no-go task, digits and Corsi. Significant differences were obtained among groups in cognitive flexibility and working memory variables. The obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) group showed the worst results. The social anxiety disorder group obtained greater effect sizes in visuospatial memory. However, significant differences between groups in visuospatial memory were no longer present when nonverbal reasoning was controlled. Comorbidity influenced interference in the OCD and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) groups. In addition, the executive functions were differently influenced by the level of obsessions and anxiety, and the use of pharmacotherapy. Study limitations include a non-random selection of participants, modest sample size and design type (cross-sectional). The OCD group showed the worst results in flexibility cognitive and verbal working memory. Comorbidity, use of pharmacotherapy and level anxiety and obsessions were variables influencing the performance of executive functions.
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder , Generalized anxiety disorder , Social anxiety disorder , Executive function
Citation
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 3642. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073642
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10201/138150
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