Publication: The histogenesis of giant cell tumour of bone: a model of interaction between neoplastic cells and osteoclasts
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Date
2001
Authors
Zheng, M.H. ; Robbins, P. ; Xu, J. ; Huang, Liping ; Wood, D.J. ; Papadimitriou, J.M.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Giant cell tumour of bone (GCT) is a benign
primary neoplasm of a bone characterised by distinctive
clinical, radiological and pathological features. Females
are slightly more often affected than males, and the
majority of patients present between the ages of 20 and
50. GCT is locally aggressive and produces expansive
and lytic lesions, most commonly in the epiphyses of
long tubular bones. Histologically, it is composed of oval
and spindle mononuclear cells, uniformly distributed
amongst which are large multinucleated osteoclast-like
giant cells. Although the term "Giant Cell Tumour" (and
the erroneous historical term 'osteoclastoma') may
imply that it is the multinucleated giant cells which are
responsible for the proliferative capacity of the tumour,
there is evidence that the stromal-like cells, the major
component of the mononuclear celi population, represent
the true neoplastic component of the neoplasm. The
diagnosis and management of conventional GCT are
often challenging and there is considerable current
interest in its pathobiology. The precise histogenesis of
GCT and the nature of its varying cellular constituents
have remained a matter of some controversy. Factors
influencing the clinical course and biological aggression
of GCT are also unclear. In this selective review, the
clinicopathological characteristics of GCT are
summarised and current areas of interest in the study of
the neoplasm are presented and discussed. Lastly, a
hypothetical model of the mechanism of histogenesis
and the biological behaviour of GCT is presented.
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