Browsing by Subject "miRNA"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    Cell-specific extracellular vesicles and their miRNA cargo released Into the organ preservations solution during cold ischemia storage as biomarkers for liver transplant outcomes
    (Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2024-10) Vidal-Correoso, Daniel; Mateo, Sandra V.; Muñoz-Morales, Ana M.; Lucas-Ruiz, Fernando; Jover-Aguilar, Marta; Alconchel, Felipe; Martinez-Alarcon, Laura; Sanchez-Redondo, Sara; Santos, Vanesa; Lopez-Lopez, Victor; Rios-Zambudio, Antonio; Cascales, Pedro; Pons Miñano, José Antonio; Ramirez, Pablo; Pelegrin, Pablo; Peinado, Hector; Baroja-Mazo, Alberto; Medicina
    Background. Liver transplantation (LT) is crucial for end-stage liver disease patients, but organ shortages persist. Donation after circulatory death (DCD) aims to broaden the donor pool but presents challenges. Complications like acute rejection, hepatic artery thrombosis, and biliary issues still impact posttransplant prognosis. Biomarkers, including extracellular vesicles (EVs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), show promise in understanding and monitoring posttransplant events. This study explores the role of EVs and their miRNA cargo in LT, including their potential as diagnostic tools. Methods. EVs from intrahepatic end-ischemic organ preservation solution (eiOPS) in 79 donated livers were detected using different techniques (nanosight tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and flow cytometry). EV-derived miRNAs were identified by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using the R platform. Results. Differentsized and origin-specific EVs were found in eiOPS, with significantly higher concentrations in DCD compared with donation after brain death organs. Additionally, several EV-associated miRNAs, including let-7d-5p, miR-28-5p, miR-200a-3p, miR- 200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-429, were overexpressed in DCD-derived eiOPS. These miRNAs also exhibited differential expression patterns in liver tissue biopsies. Pathway analysis revealed enrichment in signaling pathways involved in extracellular matrix organization and various cellular processes. Moreover, specific EVs and miRNAs correlated with clinical outcomes, including survival and early allograft dysfunction. A predictive model combining biomarkers and clinical variables showed promise in acute rejection detection after LT. Conclusions. These findings provide new insights into the use of EVs and miRNAs as biomarkers and their possible influence on posttransplantation outcomes, potentially contributing to improved diagnostic approaches and personalized treatment strategies in LT.
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    Excavation of a buried treasure – DNA, mRNA, miRNA and protein analysis in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues
    (F. Hernández y J.F. Madrid. Murcia: Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología., 2011) Klopfleisch, R.; Weiss, A.T.A; Gruber, A.D.
    Fresh or frozen tissue samples will always be the best tissue source for the analysis of nucleic acids and proteins from tissues. However, their long-term storage is expensive and laborious. Much interest has therefore been focused on the question whether the almost infinite resources of formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissue samples in the archives of pathology and histology departments can be used for research on biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of disease. In recent years the methods and protocols for the extraction of DNA, mRNA, miRNA and proteins from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples have improved enormously. Especially, the possibilities of analysing DNA and miRNA in FFPE have reached a level that allows their application as a first line approach in the search for biomarkers. In contrast, many questions remain in terms of quantification of mRNA and protein expression levels in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples. This review gives an overview on current potentials and limitations of the quantification of DNA, miRNA, mRNA and the proteome in FFPE tissue samples. The chemical events during formalin fixation and paraffin embedding and alternatives to formalin fixation are described. In addition, methods and general problems of DNA, miRNA, mRNA and protein extraction and the current knowledge on the feasibility and accuracy of quantitative gene expression analysis in FFPE tissues is summarized.
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    microRNA expression profiles as decision-making biomarkers in the management of bladder cancer
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2017) Amir, Sharon; Mabjeesh, Nicola J.
    Bladder cancer (BC) is generally divided into non-muscle-invasive BC (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive BC (MIBC). The standard treatment protocol for MIBC patients is radical cystectomy preceded by neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). About one-half of the MIBC patients show a priori resistance to chemotherapy, and are therefore exposed to the risks of disease progression and toxicity from ineffective NAC. The discovery of microRNA (miRNA) regulation in tumorigenesis has provided new directions for the development of a new type of BC biomarkers. In this review, we describe the emerging miRNAs as BC biomarkers for different purposes, including diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic response. miRNA expression profile changes with alteration of the tissue phenotype. This phenomenon is utilized to predict tumor diagnosis, cancer subclass, disease stage, prognosis and therapeutic response. We classified the miRNAs which are involved in bladder cancer according to malignant potential, chemoresistance, discrimination between normal to cancerous and clinical outcome. Focusing on the major obstacle regarding MIBC patient's NAC response, we summarized the miRNAs that are deregulated and have the potential to identify the patients resistant to NAC, such as miR-34, miR-100, miR-146b and miR-9 and miR-193a-3p. In conclusion, miRNAs expression profile of bladder cancer patient is a promising tool that can serve as biomarker for different aims. Based on this profile we propose upfront radical cystectomy instead of standard NAC to those MIBC patients who are at higher risk for chemoresistance and poor response.
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    MicroRNA expression profiles in metastatic and non-metastatic giant cell tumor of bone
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2013) Mosakhani, Neda; Pazzaglia, Laura; Benassi, Maria Serena; Borze, Ioana; Quattrini, Irene; Picci, Piero; Knuutila, Sakari
    Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a skeletal neoplasm, a locally aggressive tumor that occasionally metastasizes to the lungs. To identify novel biomarkers associated with GCTB progression and metastasis, we performed a miRNA microarray on ten primary tumors of GCTB, of which five developed lung metastases and the rest remained metastasis-free. Between metastatic and non-metastatic GCTB, 12 miRNAs were differentially expressed (such as miR-136, miR-513a-5p, miR-494, miR-224, and miR-542-5p). A decreased level of miR-136 in metastatic versus nonmetastatic GCTB was significantly confirmed by the quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) (p=0.04). To identify potential target genes for the differentially expressed miRNAs, we used three target prediction databases. Then, to functionally validate the potential target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs, we re-analyzed our previous gene expression data from the same ten patients. Eight genes such as NFIB, TNC, and FLRT2 were inversely expressed relative to their predicted miRNA regulators. NFIB expression correlated in metastatic GCTB with no or low expression of miR-136, and this gene was selected for further verification with qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Verification of NFIB mRNA and protein by qRT-PCR showed elevated expression levels in metastatic GCTBs. Further, the protein expression level of NFIB was tested in an independent validation cohort of 74 primary archival GCTB specimens. In the primary tumors that developed metastases compared to the disease-free group, NFIB protein was moderately to strongly expressed at a higher frequency. Thus, in GCTB, miR-136 and NFIB may serve as prognostic makers.
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    miRNA-21 and miRNA-27b expression in saliva of patients with oral lichen planus: a systematic review
    (MDPI, 2025-06-18) Di Stasio, Dario; Fiori, Fausto; Romano, Antonio; Palmieri, Annalisa; Mosca, Laura; Ruiz Roca, Juan Antonio; López Jornet, María Pía; Lucchese, Alberta; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina Física; Facultad de Medicina
    Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the oral mucosa with a recognized risk of malignant transformation. MicroRNAs, particularly miRNA-21 and miRNA-27b, have been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases, including OLP. Their altered expression in saliva may provide diagnostic and prognostic insights for this condition. This systematic review examines the expression profiles of miRNA-21 and miRNA-27b in the saliva of OLP patients to assess their potential as biomarkers. The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and was registered in the PROSPERO database. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus using specific keywords. Retrieved titles and abstracts were screened based on predefined eligibility criteria, and relevant studies were analyzed. The initial search identified 71 studies. After screening, 17 abstracts were selected for full-text review. Following evaluation, 11 studies were excluded, resulting in 6 studies being included. Findings indicate a consistent upregulation of miRNA-21 and a downregulation of miRNA-27b in OLP saliva samples. These alterations suggest a potential role in disease pathogenesis and risk assessment. The dysregulation of miRNA-21 and miRNA-27b in OLP underscores their potential as salivary biomarkers for diagnosis and disease monitoring. Moreover, the non-invasive nature of salivary miRNAs offers promising clinical applications, enhancing early detection and personalized management strategies for OLP.
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    Presente y futuro del diagnóstico de gestación en el ganado bovino
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2022) Sice, Margaux; Gómez Martín, Ángel; Gomis Almendro, Jesús
    Para llevar a cabo el diagnóstico de gestación en el ganado bovino, se debe utilizar un método preciso, seguro, económico y que se pueda realizar de manera temprana. Aunque varias técnicas están actualmente disponibles en el mercado, otras siguen todavía en desarrollo, siendo posibles herramientas diagnósticas a tener en cuenta en un futuro. Por ello, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo hacer una revisión sobre las diversas técnicas de diagnóstico de gestación (DG) y su potencial uso a nivel comercial, tanto en el presente como en el futuro, de la ganadería bovina. Los métodos directos para el DG, como son la palpación directa o la ecografía del tracto reproductor vía transrectal, siguen siendo los más empleados en la actualidad durante el control gestacional en el ganado vacuno. Son técnicas diagnósticas con buenos resultados y son interesantes a nivel económico, pero son herramientas invasivas y requieren una cierta experiencia por parte del técnico que las realiza. En general, se aplican a partir de la 3ª-4ª semana posterior a la inseminación artificial. Por otro lado, los métodos indirectos de DG son menos invasivos que los directos. Mediante este tipo de diagnósticos vía indirecta se puede detectar la presencia o ausencia de un embrión, sin visualizar directamente estructuras gestacionales. Existen métodos indirectos basados en signos clínicos, como la vigilancia del retorno al estro, así como técnicas indirectas bioquímicas, que permiten evaluar mediante el uso de kits rápidos ciertas sustancias como la progesterona (P4) o las Glicoproteínas Asociadas a la Gestación (GPAG), producidas durante la gestación de forma temprana. Otras técnicas novedosas y prometedoras, pero que todavía se encuentran en desarrollo, sonla evaluación de moléculas como el interferón tau (IFNτ), los micro-ARN (miARN) y/o los Factores de Gestación Temprana (FGT).
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    Roles of microRNAs as non-invasive biomarker and therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Wan, Timothy Ming-Hun; Iyer, Deepak Narayanan; Ng, Lui
    MicroRNAs are endogenous, short non- coding RNA molecules that function as critical regulators of various biological processes. There is a strong functional evidence linking the involvement of dysregulated miRNAs to the occurrence, development and progression of colorectal cancer. Studies indicate that while overexpression of oncomiRs, and repression of tumor suppressor miRNAs tends to drive the overall tumorigenic process, the global picture of aberrant miRNA expression in colorectal cancer can classify the disease into multiple molecular phenotypes. Moreover, the expression pattern of miRNAs in colorectal cancer makes them viable disease determinants as well as potential therapeutic targets. Through this review, we will summarize the importance of miRNAs in the etiology and progression of colorectal cancer. Specifically, we will explore the key role played by these RNA molecules as likely therapeutic avenues and the strategies presently available to target them. Finally, we will investigate the role of miRNAs as potential non- invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer.
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    Roles of microRNAs as non-invasive biomarker and therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Wan, Timothy Ming-Hun; Iyer, Deepak Narayanan; Ng, Lui
    MicroRNAs are endogenous, short non- coding RNA molecules that function as critical regulators of various biological processes. There is a strong functional evidence linking the involvement of dysregulated miRNAs to the occurrence, development and progression of colorectal cancer. Studies indicate that while overexpression of oncomiRs, and repression of tumor suppressor miRNAs tends to drive the overall tumorigenic process, the global picture of aberrant miRNA expression in colorectal cancer can classify the disease into multiple molecular phenotypes. Moreover, the expression pattern of miRNAs in colorectal cancer makes them viable disease determinants as well as potential therapeutic targets. Through this review, we will summarize the importance of miRNAs in the etiology and progression of colorectal cancer. Specifically, we will explore the key role played by these RNA molecules as likely therapeutic avenues and the strategies presently available to target them. Finally, we will investigate the role of miRNAs as potential non- invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer.
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    Roles of microRNAs during glioma tumorigenesis and progression
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2019) Wang, Shuwei; Yin, Yutong; Liu, Shuang
    Glioma is the most common and aggressive type of brain tumor. It has a poor prognosis and a high recurrence rate. Despite continued advances in surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the clinical outcomes remain dismal. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the initiation and progression of a multitude of tumors. Until now, the molecular mechanism that is responsible for glioma tumorigenesis and progression remains unclear. Increasing evidence has shown that miRNAs play an important role in glioma. In this review, we focus on the current advances in determining the role of miRNAs in regulating tumorigenesis and the progression of glioma. In addition, the relevant roles of miRNAs about