Browsing by Subject "Trepanation"

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    Holes in the head. Double cranial surgery on an individual from the Chalcolithic burial site of Camino del Molino (SE Spain)
    (Elsevier, 2023-09-15) Díaz-Navarro, Sonia; Haber Uriarte, María; García-González, Rebeca; Prehistoria, Arqueología, Historia Antigua, Historia Medieval y Ciencias y Técnicas Historiográficas; Facultad de Letras
    Objective: This article analyses new prehistoric evidence of trepanation from a collective burial site in the south-eastern Iberian Peninsula. Materials: The trepanned individual was documented in the Chalcolithic burial site of Camino del Molino, where 1348 individuals (30.7 % non-adults and 69.3 % adults) were deposited in two contiguous funerary phases, making it a reference site for the knowledge of Recent Prehistoric populations. Methods: The individual has been sexed using traditional anthropological methods and ancient DNA. C14 dating has also been obtained. The lesion has been analysed macroscopically and microscopically using SEM. Results: The skull under study belongs to an adult female deposited in the second burial phase (2566–2239 years cal BCE). It exhibits in the anterior region of the right temporal fossa two contiguous and partially overlapping holes that correspond to two trepanations performed using the scraping technique. Conclusions: It is a double cranial trepanation with signs of bone remodelling suggesting survival from surgery. No pathological signs were identified potentially associated with the intervention. Significance: This is the second case of surgical interventions in the geographical area of study and one of the few evidences of this practice in women during prehistoric times. Limitations: So far only the articulated skeletons from this burial have been thoroughly analysed. Suggestions for further research: Further intensive review of skull collection is advised to learn more about these surgical interventions in Copper Age and to go deeper into the causes that motivated their execution.
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    The bony nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of big felids and domestic cat: a study using anatomical techniques, computed tomographic images reconstructed in maximum-intensity projection, volume rendering and 3D printing models
    (MDPI, 2024-09-07) Díaz Martínez, Elena; Arencibia Espinosa, Alberto; Soler Laguía, Marta; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Kilroy, David; García García, María I.; Martínez Gomariz, Francisco; Sánchez Collado, Cayetano; Gil Cano, Francisco; Raduán Jaber, José; Ramírez Zarzosa, Gregorio José; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada; Facultad de Veterinaria
    This study aims to develop three-dimensional printing models of the bony nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of big and domestic cats using reconstructed computed tomographic images. This work included an exhaustive study of the osseous nasal anatomy of the domestic cat carried out through dissections, bone trepanations and sectional anatomy. With the use of OsiriX viewer, the DICOM images were postprocessed to obtaining maximum-intensity projection and volume-rendering reconstructions, which allowed for the visualization of the nasal cavity structures and the paranasal sinuses, providing an improvement in the future anatomical studies and diagnosis of pathologies. DICOM images were also processed with AMIRA software to obtain three-dimensional images using semiautomatic segmentation application. These images were then exported using 3D Slicer software for three-dimensional printing. Molds were printed with the Stratasys 3D printer. In human medicine, three-dimensional printing is already of great importance in the clinical field; however, it has not yet been implemented in veterinary medicine and is a technique that will, in the future, in addition to facilitating the anatomical study and diagnosis of diseases, allow for the development of implants that will improve the treatment of pathologies and the survival of big felids.