Browsing by Subject "Timing"

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    Activity-rest circadian pattern and academic achievement, executive function, and intelligence in children with obesity
    (Wiley, 2020-10-23) Migueles, Jairo H.; Martínez Nicolás, Antonio; Cadenas Sánchez, Cristina; Esteban Cornejo, Irene; Muntaner Mas, Adrià; Mora González, José; Rodríguez Ayllón, María; Madrid, Juan Antonio; Rol de Lama, María de los Ángeles; Hillman, Charles H.; Catena, Andrés; Ortega, Francisco B.; Fisiología
    This study aimed to analyze the associations of activity-rest pattern indicators with academic achievement, executive function, and intelligence and to explore whether these associations are mediated by the total gray matter volume among children with overweight/obesity. Ninety-five children (10 ± 1 year, 37 girls) with overweight/obesity (based on the World Obesity Federation body mass index cutoff points) were included in this cross-sectional study. Hip- and wrist-worn ActiGraph GT3X + accelerometers were used to assess the activity-rest pattern. Interdaily stability (IS), intradaily variability (IV), the mean value of the lowest 5 hours (L5), and the mean value of the maximum 10 hours (M10) of activity and their respective timing (TL5, TM10) were used as indicators of the activity-rest pattern throughout the day. Chronotype and social jetlag were used as indicators of circadian preference. Academic achievement, executive function, and intelligence were assessed with standardized tests. Gray matter volume was acquired by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). IS was positively associated with executive function (β = 0.244, P = .014). IV was negatively associated with mathematics and academic applications (β: −0.211 to −0.238, P’s ≤ .026). Later TM10 in the day was related to lower writing, academic skills, and intelligence (β: −0.229 to −0.271, P’s ≤ .025). None of the associations found were mediated by gray matter volume. A non-fragmented and stable activity-rest pattern and earlier physical activity in the day were associated with better academic achievement, executive function, and intelligence in children with overweight/obesity. Further studies are required to corroborate or contrast our findings.
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    Histopathological characteristics of liver biopsy performed at different time points in drug-induced liver injury
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2024) Wang, Yu; Ma, Zikun; Guo, Tiantian; Liu, Jimin; Li, Min; Zhao, Xinyan
    Background and Aims. Liver biopsy can provide critical information in patients with druginduced liver injury (DILI). Our study aimed to compare the histopathological features of DILI at different time points from the onset to liver biopsy. Methods: We conducted a single-centre retrospective observational study. The clinical and follow-up data were extracted, and the pathological slides were reviewed. Results. 129 patients were included. The median age was 52 and 75% were women. They were divided into <1 month, 1-3 months, and >3 months groups according to the durations from onset of the disorder to liver biopsy. The aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin levels showed no significant differences at onset but significantly decreased with time among the three groups (all p<0.05) at the time of liver biopsy. Histological injury patterns were significantly different among the three groups (p<0.01). Hepatocellular, canalicular, and cholestasis of Kupffer cells were significantly less frequent in the >3 months group (p<0.01). For patients taking herbs, bridging necrosis and cholestatic injury were significantly more frequent in the <1 month group (p<0.01). Furthermore, ductopenia, cholate stasis, and foam-like cells were equally distributed in the three groups but were significantly associated with poor prognosis. Conclusions. Biopsy time significantly affects liver pathology: the earlier, the more acute cholestatichepatitic pattern, the later, the more chronic injury patterns. The prognostic features (ductopenia, cholate stasis, and foam-like cells) occurred equally in all three groups. Our study provides valuable information for liver pathologists aiding in their better interpretation of the liver biopsy from patients with DILI.