Browsing by Subject "Stereotactic radiosurgery"

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    Safety and effectiveness of volumetric modulated arc therapy-based stereotactic radiosurgery for posterior fossa brain metastases: a single-centre experience
    (MDPI, 2025-12-02) Sánchez-Villalobos, José Manuel ; Serna-Berna, Alfredo ; Salinas-Ramos, Juan ; Escolar-Pérez, Pedro Pablo ; Luengo-Gil, Ginés ; Andreu-Gálvez, Marina ; Martínez Alonso, Emma; Alcaraz Baños, Miguel; Biología Celular e Histología; Facultad de Medicina
    Background/Objectives: Posterior fossa brain metastases (PFBMs) pose particular risks owing to their proximity to the brainstem and fourth ventricle. We evaluated the safety (treatment-related complications), local effectiveness, and procedural efficiency of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT)-based stereotactic radiosurgery (VMAT-SRS) for PFBMs. Methods: This single-centre, retrospective study derived a PFBM subgroup from an overall institutional cohort of 123 patients treated with VMAT-RapidArc SRS/fSRS. The doses were 12–20 Gy (single fraction) or 5 × 6 Gy (selected cases). Local response (mRECIST) and predefined safety endpoints (symptomatic oedema with brainstem/IV-ventricle compromise, obstructive hydrocephalus, haemorrhagic transformation, CSF diversion, and urgent neurosurgery) were assessed. Overall survival and procedural time were analysed. Results: Thirty-one patients (39 lesions) were included; 76.9% of them received single-fraction SRS. In addition, 74.2% of patients had supratentorial metastases with posterior fossa involvement. Kaplan–Meier overall survival at 6, 12, 24, and 48 months was 74%, 58%, 26%, and 9.7%, respectively; the median survival time was 12.6 months. Among evaluable lesions, local control was 84.5% (per-lesion response: 15.5% PD, 28.1% SD, 34.4% PR, and 22.0% CR). No clinically significant posterior fossa local complications were observed. Three patients developed radiation-induced leukoencephalopathy after whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and radiosurgery for synchronous supratentorial metastases. The median procedural time was 25.0 min (IQR 9.0) with one isocentre versus 52.5 min (IQR 9.75) with two. Conclusions: VMAT-SRS/fSRS for PFBMs achieved high local control, very low posterior fossa toxicity, and favourable procedural efficiency, supporting its use as a safe, rapid, frameless alternative to WBRT and other radiosurgical platforms such as Gamma Knife in appropriately selected patients.
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    Volumetric modulated arc therapy for radiosurgery of brain metastases: a single-center study
    (MDPI, 2023-09-07) Sánchez-Villalobos, José Manuel; Serna-Berna, Alfredo; Salinas-Ramos, Juan; Escolar-Pérez, Pedro Pablo; Andreu-Gálvez, Marina; Martínez Alonso, Emma; Pérez-Vicente, José Antonio; Alcaraz Baños, Miguel; Biología Celular e Histología; Facultad de Medicina
    Whole-brain radiation therapy and stereotactic radiosurgery are two treatment modalities commonly utilized to treat brain metastases (BMs). The aim of this study is to retrospectively analyze the main radio-oncologic and clinical-demographic aspects of a cohort of BM patients treated with Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy for radiosurgery (VMAT-RS). This is a cross-sectional observational design study with a retrospective review of the medical records of patients with brain metastases treated with VMAT-RS between 2012 and 2018. Clinical and demographic data, with special attention to sex, age, primary tumor, brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE), number and brain location of BMs, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), the updated DS-GPA prognostic index, and the survival estimated according to the Kaplan–Meier model from the date of radiosurgery, were analyzed. One hundred and twenty-one patients with 229 BMs were treated with VMAT-RS. Patients presented 1–4 BMs, which were treated with five non-coplanar VMAT arcs. Sixty-eight percent of the patients had lung cancer, and 35% of the BMs were in the frontal lobe. The proportion of local control was 88.5%. BTRE prevalence was 30.6%. The median survival time (MST) was 7.7 months. In the multivariate analysis of the Cox regression model, KPS ≥ 70 (HRKPS < 70 = 2.59; p = 0.001) and higher DS-GPA (HRDS-GPAII = 0.55, p = 0.022; HRDS-GPAIII-IV = 0.38, p = 0.006) were associated with improved survival. In the univariate analysis, primary tumor, age, and the presence of metastases in the posterior fossa (PFBMs) were also significant. In conclusion, the VMAT-RS is a technique with an overall survival rate comparable to other radiosurgery techniques. The median survival is significantly longer for those with higher KPS and DS-GPA. Other variables, such as the type of primary tumor, age, and PFBMs, could also influence survival, although further studies are needed.