Browsing by Subject "Staphylococcus"

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    Antibacterial effect of Spanish honeys of different botanical origins against Staphylococcus epidermidis
    (MDPI, 2024-06-15) Núñez Gómez, Vanesa; San Mateo Molina, Marta; Sánchez Martínez, Lorena; Periago Castón, María Jesús; Tecnología de Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología; Facultad de Veterinaria
    Honey is traditionally used for its medicinal properties attributed to its antibacterial and antioxidant effects. It is considered a natural alternative to conventional antibiotics. This effect has been attributed to their physico-chemical properties, as various chemical parameters can synergistically influence this effect. The aim of this study is to assess Spanish honeys of diverse botanical origins for their antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus epidermidis, correlating their physico-chemical attributes, (poly)phenol content, and antioxidant activity. The methods included colour determination via two methodologies, acidity, pH, moisture content, and sugar concentration. (Poly)phenol content was quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteau method, while antioxidant activity was evaluated via the FRAP method. Subsequently, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against S. epidermidis were investigated with different concentrations of honeys. The results revealed a direct relationship between honey darkness, (poly)phenol concentration, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial efficacy. Darker honeys exhibited higher (poly)phenol levels, greater antioxidant activity, and consequently, lower MIC and MBC values, showing enhanced antibacterial properties. These findings underscore the potential of honey as a therapeutic agent against S. epidermidis, particularly in wound healing applications to avoid infection. Further research into honey’s multifaceted properties is warranted to unveil novel therapeutic avenues in healthcare
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    In Vitro Interaction between Mycoplasma agalactiae and Small Ruminants’ Endogenous Bacterial Strains of Enterococcus spp. and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-02-17) Toquet, Marion; Bataller, Esther; Toledo Perona, Raquel; Gomis, Jjesús; Contreras de Vera, Antonio; Sánchez, Antonio; Jiménez Trigos, Estrella; Gómez Martín, Ángel; Sanidad Animal
    Recently, an antimicrobial effect on Mycoplasma agalactiae (Ma), the main etiological agent of contagious agalactia (CA), was reported in vitro with strains of Enterococcus spp. from ovine and caprine milk. The aim of this work was to evaluate the interaction of Ma with the same Enterococcus spp. isolated from other anatomical locations (vagina) and other bacterial populations present in milk, such as coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). The vaginal Enterococcus strains and the raw milk CNS were isolated from sheep and goats. Experimental in vitro conditions were prepared to assess the growth of Ma with and without the presence of these strains. The selected vaginal strains were identified as Enterococcus (E.) hirae and E. mundtii, and the strains of CNS were identified as Staphylococcus petrasii. Different interactions of Ma with ovine and caprine wild vaginal strains of Enterococcus and dairy strains of CNS are described for the first time: Ma can grow exponentially during 15 h with the selected strains, although with certain strains, its optimal growth can be negatively affected (p< 0.05). The colonization and/or excretion of Ma could, therefore, be influenced by certain endogenous bacterial strains. Our results increase the knowledge about possible bacterial ecology dynamics surrounding CA.
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    When is coagulase-negative Staphylococcus bacteraemia clinically significant?
    (Taylos & Francis, 2013-07-01) García-Vázquez, Elisa; Fernández-Rufete, Ana; Hernández-Torres, Alicia; Canteras, Manuel; Ruiz, Joaquín; Gómez, Joaquín; Medicina
    Background: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are common contaminants in blood cultures (BC). A prospective study of patients with >_ 2 blood culture sets and at least 1 positive CoNS BC was performed to develop an algorithm to assist in determining the clinical significance of CoNS bacteraemia. Methods: A single reviewer examined the medical records of patients with CoNS bacteraemia (January– June 2010). The determination of clinical significance was made according to CDC/NHSN (US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Healthcare Safety Network) criteria. To explore risk factors associated with clinical significance, a multivariate analysis was performed. The performances of various algorithms were then compared. An algorithm to assist in determining clinical significance was developed. Results: Two hundred and sixty-nine cases were included; 97 (36%) were considered clinically significant bacteraemia (CSB). Predictors of CSB in the multivariate analysis were: time to positivity < 16 h (odds ratio (OR) 4.540, 95% confidence interval (CI)1.734– 11.884), identification of Staphylococcus epidermidis (OR 4.273, 95% CI 2.124– 5.593), central venous catheter (OR 4.932, 95% CI 2.467– 9.858), > 2 CoNS-positive bottles from different BC sets (OR 1.957, 95% CI 1.401– 2.733), and Charlson score >_ 3 (OR 2.102, 95% CI 1.078– 4.099). The algorithm with best sensitivity (62%) and specificity (93%) for determining clinical significance of CoNS included Charlson score >_ 3, Pitt score >_ 1, neutropenic patients, presence of central venous catheter, identification of S. epidermidis, and time to positivity < 16 h. The positive predictive value was 83% and the negative predictive value was 81% (likelihood ratio 8.87). Conclusion: The use of this algorithm could potentially reduce the misclassifi cation of nosocomial bloodstream infections and inappropriate antibiotic treatment in patients for whom a positive CoNS does not represent a CSB.