Browsing by Subject "Spanish ibex"

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    Experimental ivermectin treatment of sarcoptic mange and establishment of a mange-free population of spanish ibex
    (Wildlife Disease Association, 2001-10) León Vizcaíno, Luis; Cubero, M. José; González Capitel, Emilio; Simón, Miguel Ángel; Pérez, Linarejos; Ruiz de Ybáñez Carnero, María del Rocío; Ortiz Sánchez, Juana; González Candela, Mónica; Alonso de Vega, Francisco; Sanidad Animal
    Ivermectin was used to treat sarcoptic mange in Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica). Its therapeutic effectiveness was analyzed when it was administered through subcutaneous injection, to sick animals in the consolidation stage of mange (third phase) and, with double injections to chronically affected animals (fourth phase) at a dosage of 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg body weight (bw). Three wk after treatment, the animals in the third phase of mange treated with a high dose (0.4 mg/kg bw) of ivermectin were completely cured. The same result was achieved after 4 wk of treatment in those animals in phase 3 of mange when 0.2 mg/kg body weight was used. Double injection with ivermectin, even at high doses, did not guarantee the complete cure of all cases of sarcoptic mange in the chronic stage (phase 4); only three of six animals were free of Sarcoptes scabiei. The second experiment consisted on the application of a sanitation program in order to obtain a population of Spanish ibex free from S. scabiei, starting with free-ranging animals, some of them healthy and others sick. After capture the animals were classified as chronically ill, in which case they were excluded from the program, mite carriers and healthy specimens. All the animals were treated first topically with foxim (500 mg/l) and subcutaneously with ivermectin (0.4 mg/kg bw). The infected animals were housed in the treatment pen, and received two doses of ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg bw) at an interval of 15 days, then spent 15 days in the quarantine pen, where they received a further dose before they were included in the pool of healthy animals, and immediately were placed in the quarantine phase. The sanitation we implemented was fully effective in curing the affliction of Spanish ibex affected by S. scabiei
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    Sarcoptic mange in Spanish ibex from Spain
    (Wildlife Disease Association, 1999) León-Vizcaíno, Luis; Ruiz de Ybáñez Carnero, María del Rocío; Cubero, Maria J.; Ortiz, Juana M.; Espinosa, Javier; Pérez, Linarejos; Simón, Miguel A.; Alonso, Francisco; Sanidad Animal
    The Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica) population of the ‘‘Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas’’ Nature Park (Spain) was isolated as the result of a severe epidemic of sarcoptic mange. In this context, the dynamic haracteristics of the disease were analyzed in a wild group consisting of 35 animals from the beginning of the epizootic (when the mating period started) to the extinction of the population due to mange. Monthly tracking permitted the sequential characterization of the pathology in each animal. The duration of the disease was 2 to mo, evolving to severe disease and terminating in death. Incidence and prevalence rates in terms of morbidity and severity, and mortality and lethality were calculated. At the end of the mating season, 81% of the population were affected. There were no statistically significant dif ferences in severity of the disease across sex or age categories of the animals. Most of the carcasses were found in caves used as refuge and/or near rivers or streams. Additionally, 46 of the 63 (73%) ibex captured in different areas of the nature park were naturally infected with the Sarcoptes scabiei. Infected ibex were examined for number of mites during the initial stage of the disease (n 5 3), in the development stage (n 5 12), in the consolidation stage (n 5 17), and in the chronic stage (n 5 14). The prevalence of mites in different anatomical regions was determined in each of these phases of the infection. A histological study of the skin lesions was conducted in 22 animals. Both the clinical and the pathological (macroscopic and icroscopic) aspects of the sarcoptic mange in Spanish ibex corresponded to the classic description of sarcoptic mange in other wild and domestic small ruminants.