Browsing by Subject "Southeast Spain"

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    Aplicación del índice estandarizado de vulnerabilidad de sequía (SDVI) en la Demarcación Hidrográfica del Segura y Mancomunidad de los Canales del Taibilla (Sureste de España)
    (C&A Alfa Comunicação (Brasil), 2021-01) Ruiz Álvarez, Víctor; Giménez García, Rubén; García Marín, Ramón; Geografía; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Letras
    En este trabajo se efectúa una evaluación preliminar de la vulnerabilidad de sequía en el ámbito territorial de la Demarcación Hidrográfica del Segura y Mancomunidad de los Canales del Taibilla, encuadrados en el sureste de España. Este territorio posee una marcada aridez con una precipitación media anual de 375 mm y un notable déficit hídrico estructural. Para la evaluación de la vulnerabilidad de sequía ha sido seleccionado el Índice Estandarizado de Vulnerabilidad de Sequía (SDVI), que cuenta para su aplicación con un total de cinco componentes (SPI12, suministro, demanda, infraestructura e impactos). Se han obtenido un total de tres categorías de vulnerabilidad: Vulnerabilidad Baja, Vulnerabilidad Media y Vulnerabilidad Alta. Las subzonas con vulnerabilidad alta se encuadran en la franja costera y valles prelitorales. Estas zonas son las que cuentan con una mayor presión humana y han experimentado una fuerte transformación de los usos de suelo en las tres últimas décadas. El mapa de vulnerabilidad de sequía resultante puede constituir una herramienta de ayuda en la gestión y la planificación del riesgo de sequía por parte de los diferentes organismos públicos. --------------
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    Concentración parcelaria, puesta en riego y desarrollo rural: el caso de Yéchar (Mula-Región de Murcia). De 1973 a 2016
    (2017-06-28) Gomez Espin, J. M.; Gil Meseguer, E.; López Fernández, José Antonio; Geografía
    La pedanía muleña de Yéchar, en el interior de la Región de Murcia, puede ser estudiada desde la geografía regional como un modelo de iniciativas para el desarrollo rural, al haber superado diversas crisis socioeconómicas mediante diferentes actuaciones agrarias. Durante los últimos cincuenta años sus vecinos han debido hacer frente al éxodo rural de los secanos del Sureste de la Península Ibérica con actuaciones de agentes locales y de las Administraciones Públicas, entre las que sobresalen la Declaración de Zona de Interés Nacional, la concentración parcelaría de las explotaciones, y la transformación en regadío con aguas del trasvase Tajo-Segura de más de 800 hectáreas. Las entrevistas realizadas a pie de parcela explican cómo los agricultores de Yéchar cambian los cultivos para hacer frente a los problemas del mercado hortofrutícola, y buscan otras políticas de gestión del agua por la excesiva dependencia de los recursos hídricos foráneos del Trasvase Tajo-Segura.
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    Desalination and water security in Southeastern Spain
    Bernabé Crespo, Miguel Borja; Gil Meseguer, Encarnación; Gómez Espín, José María; Geografía
    The Segura Hydrographic Demarcation (DHS), in Southeastern Spain, is an area of hydric deficit caused by low and irregular rainfall and a dense population. In this region water scarcity is a burning issue that polarizes society for or against different models of ensuring water supply. Given the current demand for water throughout Spain, desalination has been used to increase water supply, and as insurance against drought. Ten seawater desalination plants and hundreds of brackish aquifer desalination plants treat water in the Southeast of the Iberian Peninsula, both for human consumption and for irrigation, contributing to economic, energetic, processual and economic aspects of territorial organization in the Southeast of Spain. This article reviews debates over desalination, water transfers, and the best way to meet water demands in that region. While desalination allows an increase in water supply, dependence on that source increases energy costs and may lead to mistaken assumptions among users about water scarcity and availability.
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    Environmental Crisis in the Mar Menor Lagoon (Región de Murcia-Spain)
    (Associaçäo Brasileira de Editores Científicos, 2024-11-27) Gil Meseguer, Encarnación; Bernabé Crespo, Miguel Borja; Gómez Espín, José María; Geografía
    Objective: The objective of this study is to gain insight into the causes of the environmental crisis that affects the Mar Menor ecosystem and its surroundings, as well as to propose measures for a new territorial model. Theoretical Framework: It is based on the study of population growth in the Campo de Cartagena - Mar Menor region, as well as the different activities that take place there, especially focusing on regenerated water. Method: The methodology adopted for this research includes regional geographic analysis for the management of the territory, with extensive field work and interviews with users of the Mar Menor; to conclude with a series of “zero discharge” proposals and cultural practices to mitigate the environmental crisis of the lagoon and its surroundings. Results and Discussion: Agriculture, urban expansion, obsolescence of sanitation networks, and other activities such as stable livestock farming and mining waste hauling have caused anthropization of the Mar Menor with eutrophication phenomena. It is advisable to promote a bottom-up participatory process of citizens, reach agreements between Administrations, and harmonize the different land uses making them compatible with the good condition of the lagoon. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, discussing the causes of the state of the lagoon and the uses of the catchment area. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by addressing a topic of interest and concern from a comprehensive perspective, considering causes and consequences, as well as possible solutions. The relevance and value of this research are evident in its geographical approach to human-natural environment relationships.
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    Environmental crisis in the Mar Menor Lagoon (Region of Murcia - Spain)
    (Interinstitutional Scientific Committee, 2024-11-27) Gil-Meseguer, Encarnación; Bernabé-Crespo, Miguel Borja; Gómez Gil, José María; Gómez Espín, José María; Geografía
    Objective:The objective of this study is to gain insight into the causes of the environmental crisis that affects the Mar Menor ecosystem and its surroundings, as well as to propose measures for a new territorial model.Theoretical Framework:It is based on the study of population growth in the Campo de Cartagena -Mar Menor region, as well as the different activities that take place there, especially focusing on regenerated water.Method:The methodology adopted for this research includes regional geographic analysis for the management of the territory, with extensive field work and interviews with users of the Mar Menor; to conclude with a series of “zero discharge” proposals and cultural practices to mitigate the environmental crisis of thelagoon and its surroundings.Results and Discussion:Agriculture, urban expansion, obsolescence of sanitation networks, and other activities such as stable livestock farming and mining waste hauling have caused anthropization of the Mar Menor with eutrophication phenomena. It is advisable to promote a bottom-up participatory process of citizens, reach agreements between Administrations, and harmonize the different land uses making them compatible with the good condition of the lagoon.Research Implications:The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, discussing the causes of the state of the lagoon and the uses of the catchment area.Originality/Value:This study contributes to the literature by addressing a topic of interest and concern from a comprehensive perspective, considering causes and consequences, as well as possible solutions. The relevance and value of this research are evident in its geographical approach to human-natural environment relationships. -------------------
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    First epidemiological data on Spirocerca vulpis in the red fox: a parasite of clustered geographical distribution
    (Elsevier, 2019-10-19) Sanchis-Monsonís, Gloria; Fanelli, Angela; Tizzani, Paolo; Martínez-Carrasco Pleite, Carlos; Sanidad Animal; Facultad de Veterinaria
    This is the first study describing the epidemiology of Spirocerca vulpis after its description as a new species in 2018. During the period 2006–2013, a total of 286 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from the Valencian Community (southeast Spain) were necropsied. Based on data collected, S. vulpis prevalence and intensity were calculated, as well as the spatial distribution of this nematode. Influence of host (sex and age) and environmental factors on S. vulpis occurrence was evaluated. MAXENT software was used to model and predict the parasite distribution. Continuous and discrete prediction maps were built using ArcMap 10.6. The prevalence of S. vulpis was 22% (63/286; 95% CI: 17.4–27.3), and the median intensity was 5 (IQR 11) nematode specimens. No significant difference in term of intensity was found between males and females; regarding the host age, S. vulpis was found only in adult foxes, with the exception of one juvenile individual. The distribution of S. vulpis in foxes was skewed to the left, highlighting that parasite infection affects few individuals within a population, with parasitized animals being responsible to maintain the infection at the population level. The majority of parasitized foxes had a parasite burden lower than eight parasites/individual. S. vulpis distribution in Valencian Community presents sharply defined areas in which there are optimal environmental conditions for maintaining the life cycle of this parasite. Climatic variables and altitude are the main factors influencing the parasite presence. Our results indicate that S. vulpis has epidemiological characteristics similar to those of S. lupi and, therefore, based on the phylogenetic proximity of both nematode species, it is likely that coprophagous beetle species might play a key epidemiological role in the maintenance of this newly described Spirocerca species. Moreover, it is currently unknown if S. vulpis can infect the dog and other wild canid species apart from the red fox and, if so, what are the pathogenic effects on these host species. Therefore, it is necessary to continue investigating the epidemiology of this parasite in order to know the range of appropriate host species. This information will enable to know if S. vulpis endemic areas should be considered as health risk points for dogs, especially for the most exposed, such as those living in rural areas, and hunting dogs.
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    El registro funerario calcolítico en el extremo suroriental de la Península Ibérica: los valles del Guadalentín y Segura (Murcia)
    (Diputación de Valencia, Museo de Prehistoria de Valencia, 2016) Lomba Maurandi, Joaquín; Haber Uriarte, María; Prehistoria, Arqueología, Historia Antigua, Historia Medieval y Ciencias y Técnicas Historiográficas
    El trabajo actualiza los datos sobre el registro funerario calcolítico en la Región de Murcia, analizando aspectos relacionados con la tipología de las tumbas, los diferentes modos en que se disponen los restos humanos, y la presencia y disposición de los elementos que los acompañan, con especial atención a los restos faunísticos y, dentro de la cultura material, a los elementos en sílex. Se reflexiona sobre la consideración explícita de ajuar de estos elementos, y se proponen pautas generales de comportamiento del registro funerario, con atención a casos peninsulares y europeos en los que se evidencian tratamientos o casos similares a los documentados en la zona de estudio. --------------------