Browsing by Subject "Social desirability"

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    Inclusive physical activity games at school: the role of teachers’ attitude toward inclusion
    ( Frontiers Media, 2023-03-29) Gentile, Ambra; Giustino, Valerio; Rodríguez Ferrán, Olga; La Marca, Alessandra; Compagno, Giuseppa; Bianco, Antonino; Battaglia, Giuseppe; Alesi, Marianna; Actividad Física y Deporte
    Introduction: Inclusive physical activity games at school can be useful for teachers dealing with students with disabilities. The use of inclusive strategies and games can be directly linked to teachers’ self-efficacy and familiarity with the inclusive strategies, while it could be indirectly influenced by their attitude toward inclusion and, in a smaller part, by social desirability in their response. Moreover, teachers’ responses could be different among the different school grades. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to investigate the role of attitude toward inclusion, social desirability, self-efficacy, and familiarity in the use of physical activity games at school in teachers from all school grades. Methods: A sample of 1,583 schoolteachers was asked to fill out a questionnaire about their perceptions of governmental measures, self-efficacy, familiarity with inclusive strategies through physical activity, and two standardized questionnaires assessing attitudes toward inclusion and social desirability. Results: Teachers from primary school reported lower scores in attitude toward inclusion total score and dimensions, namely impact on teacher, impact on the environment, impact on the other children, and impact on the student with disability. Moreover, the path analysis model showed that the attitude toward inclusion indirectly influenced the use of inclusive strategy and had a small direct effect on familiarity with inclusive strategies and self-efficacy. Social desirability slightly influenced both familiarity and self-efficacy but not the use of inclusive strategies. Familiarity and self-efficacy had a direct effect on the use of inclusive physical activity games. Discussion: The results of the current study suggest that being familiar with and having a high self-efficacy in implementing inclusive strategies are well related to the use of inclusive strategies at school. In addition, more attention should be given to kindergarten and primary school teachers, who reported lower scores in the attitude toward inclusion and higher scores in social desirability.
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    Open Access
    Self-deception in forensic self-reports: Detection, effects and testing the model
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2025-10) Arce, Ramón; Fariña, Francisca; Sanmarco, Jéssica; Novo, Mercedes; Sin departamento asociado
    Background/aims: Dissimulation, understood as a positive self-presentation in self-reports, is suspected in child custody dispute forensic evaluations. Dissimulation is displayed through two-manifestations: con-cealment of negative qualities (denial of symptoms) and claiming non-existent positive qualities or exaggerating existing ones (social desirability). Moreover, the nature of dissimulation may be conscious (impression man-agement) or unconscious (self-deception). Nevertheless, the effects of self-deception in self-reports of parents involved child custody forensic dis-putes are unknown. Thus, a field study was designed with the aim of de-termining the efficacy of self-deception measures, the effects of dissimula-tion on self-reported mental health markers, and to test the purportedly unconscious nature of self-deception. Method: 223 parents involved in court-mandated child custody proceedings endorsed the MMPI-2 and 100 parents from intact families under standard instructions. The K, S, Esd and PMH4 measures of self-deception, the standard clinical scales and the ob-vious and subtle subscales were scored. Results: The results exhibited signif-icant higher scores, consistent with dissimulation, were observed in the population suspected of dissimulation (child custody litigants) in K, S, and Esd scales; and a significant association between dissimulation classification and dissimulation suspected population. In relation to the effects of dis-simulation, the results showed that the suspected population of dissimula-tion reported significantly fewer clinical symptoms (denial of symptoms) and more positive qualities related to being granted child custody (social desirability). Finally, the results suggested that the underlying process of self-deception is not unconscious for the individual exercising conscious control over his/her biased responses. Discussion: The implications of the results for forensic psychology evaluation of child custody dispute cases and the two-component model for dissimulation are discussed.