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Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Murcia

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  1. Home
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Browsing by Subject "Smart cities"

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    A methodology for energy multivariate time series forecasting in smart buildings based on feature selection
    (Elsevier, 2019-05-10) González Vidal, Aurora; Jiménez Barrionuevo, Fernando; Skarmeta Gómez, Antonio; Ingeniería de la Información y las Comunicaciones; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Informática
    The massive collection of data via emerging technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) requires finding optimal ways to reduce the created features that have a potential impact on the information that can be extracted through the machine learning process. The mining of knowledge related to a concept is done on the basis of the features of data. The process of finding the best combination of features is called feature selection. In this paper we deal with multivariate time-dependent series of data points for energy forecasting in smart buildings. We propose a methodology to transform the time-dependent database into a structure that standard machine learning algorithms can process, and then, apply different types of feature selection methods for regression tasks. We used Weka for the tasks of database transformation, feature selection, regression, statistical test and forecasting. The proposed methodology improves MAE by 59.97% and RMSE by 40.75%, evaluated on training data, and it improves MAE by 42.28% and RMSE by 36.62%, evaluated on test data, on average for 1-step-ahead, 2-step-ahead and 3-step-ahead when compared to not applying any feature selection methodology.
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    A Transfer Learning Framework for predictive energy-related scenarios in Smart Buildings
    (IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2023-02-01) González Vidal, Aurora; Niu, Shuteng; Song, Houbing; Skarmeta Gómez, Antonio; Mendoza Bernal, José; Ingeniería de la Información y las Comunicaciones; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Informática
    Human activities and city routines follow patterns. Transfer learning can help achieve scalable solutions towards the realisation of smart cities accounting for similarities between regions, domains, and activities. In this study, we propose a Transfer Learning-based framework for smart buildings to test this hypothesis in energy-related problems. Our framework has two major components: the network creation and the transferable predictive model. In order to create the network that groups buildings sharing characteristics, we evaluated two strategies: a novel clustering algorithm for mixed data, k-prod, and clustering the image-based representation of time series. Then, a combination of Long Short Term Memory and Convolutional Neural Network was trained on the centroids of the clusters for energy consumption prediction. The Coefficient of Variation of the Root Mean Squared Error (CVRMSE) of the predictions in such clusters vary between 3.85 and 58.85 %. The obtained parameters were transferred to the rest of the buildings for predictive purposes, finding accurate results in buildings with little data. Our framework deals with insufficient training data since parameters from scenarios with more sensors can be received. It also carries out state-of-the-art performance on 3 datasets from different sources having in total 533 rooms/buildings and two energy efficiency domains: consumption prediction reducing the CVRMSE in a 21.6 %, and air conditioning usage prediction moving from a 4.18 % to a 0.28% CVRMSE. Our framework extracts more knowledge from available IoT deployments, so that smartness could be spread between environments at a fewer cost given that less individual effort will be needed.
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    Inteligencia Empresarial, Big Data y gestión de la información urbana para Ciudad Inteligente
    (Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Murica, 2014-01-11) Rusek, Robert
    El estudio presente trata de aplicación de las herramientas de la Inteligencia Empresarial en el contexto de Big Data para la gestión de una ciudad de manera  inteligente.  Esta cuestión es muy importante en el contexto de aumento acelerado de población urbana. Estas circunstancias requieren  mejora de gestión de la ciudad basada en un uso razonable de la información en todos los aspectos de su comportamiento. El objetivo principal del trabajo fue comprobar las similitudes en la manera de gestionar entre una empresa y una ciudad incluso verificar si estos métodos de gestión de la información comprobados en el mundo empresarial se pueden aplicar al sistema urbano. Para lograr este objetivo se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica de la cuestión. La primera parte del estudio describe el problema de gestión de la información urbana y presenta las fuentes principales de la información. A continuación se presentó una comparación de los modelos de información urbana, diferentes conjuntos de indicadores claves de desempeño y el modelo de integración de datos de fuentes distintos. El trabajo también subraya la necesidad de reutilización de información y presenta barreras y amenazas que pueden impedir gestión de ciudad de manera inteligente. El estudio concluye con las cuestiones éticas relacionadas con el procesamiento de la información urbana. Se ha llegado a la conclusión que hay muchas similitudes en la manera de gestionar entre una empresa y una ciudad. No obstante el contexto urbano es mucho más complejo y requiere creación de nuevas herramientas para hacer frente a con el fenómeno de Big Data.
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    IoT for water management: towards Intelligent anomaly detection
    (IEEE, 2019-07-22) Cuenca-Jara, Jesús ; Antonio F. Skarmeta; González Vidal, Aurora; Skarmeta Gómez, Antonio; Ingeniería de la Información y las Comunicaciones; Facultad de Informática
    Given that the global water system is deteriorating and the supply and demand are very dynamic, smart ways to improve the water management system are needed so that it becomes more efficient and to extend the services provided to the citizens leading to smart cities. One of many water related problems that can be addressed by the Internet of Things is anomaly detection in water consumption. The analysis of data collected by smart meters will help to personalize the feedback to customers, prevent water waste and detect alarming situations. Water consumption data can be considered as a time series. Time series anomaly detection is an old topic but in this work we attempt to examine which techniques suits better for water consumption. We examine two very well-known methods for time series anomaly detection: an ARIMA-based framework anomaly detection technique which selects as outliers those points no fitting an ARIMA process and also a technique named HOTSAX which represents windows of data in a discrete way and then discriminates them using a heuristic. They are both very different in nature but the true positive analysis is excellent. The challenge remains in removing the false positive from the picture.
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    Urban interaction design. La convergencia de disciplinas hacia una nueva forma de hacer ciudad
    (Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2015) Fernández González, Manu
    En un momento de crisis del modelo tradicional de las políticas urbanas y coincidiendo con la generalización de una compleja infraestructura digital en la sociedad conectada, el papel de la ciudadanía se sitúa como gran debate. Si bien determinados discursos se presentan como irreversibles y unívocos respecto a esta relación entre vida urbana y tecnología, el artículo plantea la posibilidad de construir discursos alternativos a partir de diferentes prácticas de diseño de interacción urbana que están confluyendo en el espacio urbano como espacio para construir ciudad y ciudadanía.

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