Browsing by Subject "Reverse osmosis"

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    Polyamide nanofiltration membranes to remove aniline in aqueous solutions
    (Taylor and Francis Group, Taylor and Francis, 2013-12-09) Hidalgo Montesinos, Asunción María; León, G.; Gómez Gómez, María; Murcia Almagro, María Dolores; Bernal, M.D.; Ortega Requena, Salvadora; Ingeniería Química; Facultad de Química
    Aniline is commonly used in a number of industrial processes. It is known to be a harmful and persistent pollutant and its presence in wastewater requires treatment before disposal. In this paper, the effectiveness of nanofiltration (NF) to remove aniline from aqueous solutions is studied in a flat membrane test module using two thin-layer composite membranes of polyamide (NF97 and NF99HF). The influence of different operational variables (applied pressure, feed concentration and pH) on the removal of aniline from synthetic aqueous solutions was analysed. The experimental NF results are compared with results previously obtained by reverse osmosis. Based on this comparative study, the effective order for aniline rejection is: HR98PP>NF97>DESAL3B>SEPA-MS05>NF99HF.
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    Using pressure-driven membrane processes to remove emerging pollutants from aqueous solutions
    (2021-04-12) Hidalgo, A.M.; León, G.; Murcia, M.D.; Gómez, M.; Gómez, E.; Gómez, J.L.; Ingeniería Química
    Currently, there is great concern about global water pollution. Wastewater generally contains substances called emerging pollutants, and if the removal of these pollutants is not given sufficient attention, the pollutants can enter into the water cycle and reach the water supply for domestic use, causing adverse effects on the well-being of people. In order to avoid this menace, a multitude of techniques to reduce the high concentration levels of these substances dissolved in water are being researched and developed. One of the most-used techniques for this goal is the physical-chemical separation of contaminants in water through membrane technology. In this study, different membranes were tested with the objective of investigating the removal of three emerging pollutants: caffeine, metformin, and methyl-paraben. Initially, a nanofiltration (NF) membrane was selected, and the influence of pressure was evaluated in the rejection coefficients and permeate fluxes. Next, a screening of three new membranes to remove methyl paraben was completed. The influence of the operating variables, working pressure, and methyl paraben-feed concentration was checked. Finally, the solution-diffusion model was applied to predict the behavior of the different membranes in the removal of methyl paraben. A good correlation between experimental and calculated values of permeate flux and methyl paraben concentration was obtained.