Browsing by Subject "Psychopathology"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Assessment of hyperactivity-impulsivity and attention déficit in adolescentes by self-report and its association with psychopatology and academic performance
    Saura-Garre, P.; Vicente-Escudero, J. L.; Checa Solueta, S.; Alcantara Lopez, M. V.; Martinez Perez, A. M.; Lopez-Soler, C.; Castro Sáez, Maravillas; Fernández Fernández, María Visitación; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
    The scientific literature highlights the risk of the appearance of internalizing and externalizing symptoms, together with difficulties in the academic area, linked to diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This is normally assessed by teachers and primary caregivers, disregarding the self-perception of the adolescents themselves, which limits detection of this disorder at an evolutionary stage. Our aim was to analyze the psychometric properties of a self-report for ADHD in adolescence and its relationship with psychopathology and academic performance. This study assessed an incidental sample of 267 students from secondary schools in the Region of Murcia, Spain, using the EDAH questionnaire adapted for self-report, in order to analyze its psychometric properties in assessing ADHD. The Youth Self-Report (YSR) and the Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) were also used to determine their association with psychopathological, self-control and academic performance variables. An ADHD prevalence of between 3.7 and 13.1% was observed depending on the established cut-off point. The adapted EDAH showed adequate reliability indices (α = 0.818; ω = 0.817) and explained a high variance percentage (50.655%). Adolescents with anxiety/depression difficulties, dissocial behavior, aggressiveness, and poor performance in mathematics showed a higher amount of ADHD symptoms. Moreover, selfcontrol, dissocial behavior, age, and performance in Social Sciences acted as predictors of the disorder. The good psychometric properties of this questionnaire and its adequate correspondence with other variables of interest suggest it is an appropriate self-report instrument to assess ADHD in adolescence.
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    Malingering of disabling mental illness to obtain a temporary work disability benefit: detection and morphology
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2025-10) Amado, Bárbara G.; Vilariño, Manuel; Mainar, Magdalena; Ágreda, Irene; Sin departamento asociado
    Background/Objective: In psychological assessments where the re-sults may lead to obtaining some benefit or gain, malingering should be suspected. This is the case for temporary work disability due to psycholog-ical causes, for which high prevalence of malingering have been estimated. Therefore, a study was designed to examine the utility of the SCL-90-R in detecting malingered psychopathology motivated by the external incentive of obtaining a temporary work disability. Method: A total of 182 partici-pants completed the SCL-90-R in a simulation design, under two condi-tions: responding under standard instructions and under instructions for malingering of psychological cause to obtain a temporary work disability. Results: The results revealed that the working population is almost entirely capable of malingering both clinical symptoms and mental disorders with sufficient severity to obtain a temporary work disability (secondary gain). They employed two strategies: indiscriminant symptom endorsement (ma-lingering impairment across all clinical dimensions, even greater than the psychiatric population) and symptom severity (malinger an extreme intensi-ty, even greater than the psychiatric population). Finally, it was found that the gender factor does not play a significant role in malingering. Conclusions: The implications of the results for forensic assessments are discussed.
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    Mental health in people with substance use disorder: differential aspects between men and women
    (Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Santos de Pascual, Asunción; Saura Garre, Pedro; López Soler, Concepción
    El propósito de este estudio es presentar el perfil psicopatológico y las diferencias entre hombres y mujeres que inician tratamiento residencial para las adicciones. La muestra se compuso de 142 pacientes (116 hombres y 26 mujeres), que cumplimentaron el EuropASI y MMCMI-III. Se analizan variables socio-demográficas, patrón de consumo y otras características, así como patrones, trastornos de personalidad y síndromes clínicos. El grupo de hombres presenta alta prevalencia en el patrón de personalidad antisocial (31%). Las mujeres, en el depresivo (23.1%), dependiente (26.9%) y antisocial (26.9%), solo en el dependiente las diferencias son estadísticamente significativas. En los síndromes clínicos los hombres presentan prevalencia en dependencia de sustancias (86.2%), trastorno de ansiedad (60.3%) y dependencia de alcohol (45.7%), las mujeres en el trastorno de ansiedad (76.9%), dependencia de alcohol (69.2%), sustancias (53.8%) y distímico (46.2%). Aparecen diferencias significativas estadísticamente en el trastorno ansioso, distímico y dependencia de alcohol, donde las mujeres se muestran más afectadas. En el síndrome clínico trastorno de pensamiento los hombres puntúan más alto y las mujeres más altas en depresión, en ambos casos las diferencias son estadísticamente significativas. Se comentan las implicaciones que estos resultados tienen en la evaluación y mejora de los tratamientos
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    Psychiatric comorbidity in intellectual developmental disorders: a systematic review
    (MA Healthcare , 2025-07-04) Astilleros Martínez, Borja; Martín Chaparro, María del Pilar; Kotera, Yasuhiro ; Psiquiatría y Psicología Social; Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia
    Aims/Background Intellectual developmental disorders (IDD) are characterized by significant limita-tions in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, affecting conceptual, social, and practical skills. They impact 1% of the global population, with mild cases being more common. Major causes include prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors, although a clear cause is often not identified. This study aims to evaluate the comorbidity of psychological disorders in individuals diagnosed with IDD. Methods Following the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses” (PR-ISMA) statement, studies from 2014 to 2024 were considered using the databases Web of Science, PsycInfo, and PubMed. Articles focusing on psychopathology in individuals with IDD from birth were selected, excluding studies involving individuals under 16 years old and cases of severe and profound IDD. Results Of the 2895 articles retrieved, 11 were included. These studies showed heterogeneity in co-morbidities such as schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, developmental disorders, personality disorders, substance use disorders, and adjustment and stress reaction disorders. Conclusion Individuals with IDD are more vulnerable to mental health conditions, underscoring the need for comprehensive assessments and multidisciplinary treatments to improve their quality of life and optimize public resources. Future research should develop validated diagnostic tools for IDD and conduct longitudinal studies on their impact on quality of life. It should also explore gender differences and address specific needs in disadvantaged contexts with tailored interventions.