Browsing by Subject "Probucol"

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    A salvianolic acid 8-rich fraction of Sa/via miltiorrhiza induces neointimal cell apoptosis in rabbit angioplasty model
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2001) Hung, H.-H.; Chen, Y.-L.; Lin, S.-J.; Yang, S.-P.; Shih, C.-C.; Shiao, M.-S.; Chang, C.-H.
    Apoptosis has been suggested to participate in stabilizing cell number in restenosis. Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) Bunge which is a Chinese herb widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders contains a potent antioxidant, Salvianolic ac id B. To determ ine whether the antioxidant affects vascular apoptosis, the present study examined the frequency of apoptotic cell death in atherosclerotic plaques and in restenotic lesions of cholesterol-fed rabbits. New Zealand White rabbits were treated with a normal diet (normal), a 2% cholesterol diet (HC), a 2% cholesterol diet and endothe lial denudation (HC-ED), a 2 % cholesterol diet with 5% water-soluble extract of SM (4.8 glKg B. W./day) and endothelial denudation (HCED-SM), or with a 2% cholesterol diet containing probucol (0.6 glkg B.W./day) and endothelial denudation (HC-ED-probucol). Apoptosis and associated cell types were examined in serial paraffin sections by in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling and immunohistochemistry. The expression of p53, an apoptosis-related protein, was also examined. Apoptosis was mainly detected in the neointima of the three gro ups with endothe lial denudation. The percentage of apoptotic cells in SMtreated group (68.5±5.9%) was significantly higher than that of normal (0 %), HC (1.9±1.2 %), HC-ED (46.1±5.4%), and probucol-treated (32.8±3.9%) groups. The SM treatment markedly reduced the thickness of the neointima which was mainly composed of smooth muscle cells with few macrophages. In accordance with the apoptotic cell counts, positive immunoreactivity for p53 was observed in restenotic lesions from HC-ED, SM-treated and probucol-treated groups but not in the intima of the other two groups. These results suggest that the treatment with salvianolic acid B-rich fraction of SM induces apoptosis in neointima which in turn may help prevent the neointimal thickening.
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    Demonstration of an add-on effect of probucol and cilostazol on the statin-induced anti-atherogenic effects
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2014) Wang, Yanli; Bai, Liang; Lin, Yan; Guan, Hua; Zhu, Ninghong; Chen, Yulong; Li, Yafeng; Gao, Shoucui; Zhao, Sihai; Fan, Jianglin; Liu, Enqi
    Statins are often prescribed for treatment of cardiovascular diseases, although there are still many patients who cannot be effectively treated by statins alone. Both probucol and cilostazol exhibit antiatherogenic effects. In the current study, we attempted to investigate whether a probucol and cilostazol combination had any add-on effects on atorvastatin. To examine this hypothesis, we fed Japanese white rabbits with a cholesterol-rich diet supplemented with atorvastatin alone (Statin group), probucol and cilostazol (PC group), atorvastatin, probucol and cilostazol (APC group), and compared their effects on plasma lipids and aortic atherosclerosis. All three drug-treated groups had lowered total cholesterol levels compared with the vehicle group but high-density lipoproteins cholesterol levels of the atorvastatin group were higher than other groups. Although aortic atherosclerosis was significantly reduced in all drug-treated groups, the most prominent atheroprotective effect was seen in APC group (APC: 67% reduction> PC: 43% reduction> Statin group: 42% reduction over the vehicle). Morphometric analysis revealed that the reduced aortic atherosclerosis in all three groups was mainly attributed to the reduction of intimal macrophages and smooth muscle cells. These results suggest that a combination of probucol and cilostazol with statin enhances statin’s anti-atherogenic functions, which may be beneficial for those patients who are less responsive to statin therapy alone.