Browsing by Subject "Postmortem interval"

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    Association between protein profile and postmortem interval in human bone remains
    (Elsevier, 2018-08-23) Prieto-Bonete, Gemma; Pérez-Cárceles, María D.; Maurandi-López, Antonio; Pérez-Martínez, Cristina; Luna, Aurelio; Didáctica de las Ciencias Matemáticas y Sociales
    Proteomic techniques in bones forensic samples are increasingly, being applied. The main aim of forensic sciences is the estimation of postmortem interval. Most current techniques are useful for the first post-mortem stages. However, in the case of osseous remains, these techniques may be difficult to use due to the high level of decomposition of the sample. Our objective was to attempt to know whether there is a protein profile in human bone remains that would enable a late postmortem. interval ranging from 5 to 20 years postmortem to be estimated. A total of 40 femur bones from 40 different cadavers (data range 5–20 years) were use. Of the 275 total proteins, we excluded the circulating ones (n = 227), leaving a total of 48 proteins (29 structural and 19 functional) were found. A multiple correspondence analysis was applied on the 48 proteins. Finally selecting 32 proteins that allowed us to discriminate between the. two groups of postmortem interval. Analysis of the protein profile present in bone permits an approximation of the date of death within the studied interval, and could be used to complement other tests for estimating the postmortem interval.
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    Estudio preliminar de la comunidad sarcosaprófaga en Córdoba (Argentina): aplicación a la entomología forense
    (Murcia: Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2005) Battán Horenstein, Moira; Arnaldos Sanabria, María Isabel; Rosso, Beatriz; García García, María Dolores; Zoología y Antropología Física; Facultad de Biología
    Se ha desarrollado un estudio preliminar de la comunidad de artrópodos entomosarcosaprófagos sociados a cuerpos en descomposición en una zona hemisinantrópica de Córdoba (Argentina), perteneciente a la región Mediterránea del país. Este estudio resulta ser el primero llevado a cabo en dicha zona. Los muestreos se realizaron durante la primavera austral, en el mes de noviembre, empleando como dispositivo de colecta una trampa de Schoenly modifi cada, cebada con cadáver de ave. Se recogieron 3427 adultos y 456 inmaduros pertenecientes a 11 órdenes diferentes de artrópodos. Durante el proceso se reconocieron cinco fases de descomposición (estado fresco, enfi sematoso, de descomposición, descomposición tardía y esqueletización). Se presenta la fauna asociada a cada una de las etapas, así como los resultados globales de la comunidad encontrada, haciendo énfasis en las especies mejores indicadoras de intervalos postmortem.
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    Impact of the Human Microbiome in Forensic Sciences: a Systematic Review
    (American Society for Microbiology, 2020-10-28) García, Manuel G.; Pérez Cárceles, María Dolores; Osuna, Eduardo; Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    Numerous studies relate differences in microbial communities to human health and disease; however, little is known about microbial changes that occur postmortem or the possible applications of microbiome analysis in the field of forensic science. The aim of this review was to study the microbiome and its applications in forensic sciences and to determine the main lines of investigation that are emerging, as well as its possible contributions to the forensic field. A systematic review of the human microbiome in relation to forensic science was carried out by following PRISMA guidelines. This study sheds light on the role of microbiome research in the postmortem interval during the process of decomposition, identifying death caused by drowning or sudden death, locating the geographical location of death, establishing a connection between the human microbiome and personal items, sexual contact, and the identification of individuals. Actinomycetaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Alcaligenaceae, and Bacilli play an important role in determining the postmortem interval. Aeromonas can be used to determine the cause of death, and Corynebacterium or Helicobacter pylori can be used to ascertain personal identity or geographical location. Several studies point to a promising future for microbiome analysis in the different fields of forensic science, opening up an important new area of research.
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    Quantification of nitrogenous bases, DNA and Collagen type I for the estimation of the postmortem interval in bone remains
    (2017-11-04) Pérez Martínez, Cristina; Pérez Cárceles, María Dolores; Prieto Bonete, Gemma; Luna, Aurelio; Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    Estimating the postmortem interval (PMI) is an important goal in forensic medicine and continues to be one of the most difficult tasks of the forensic investigator. Few accurate methods exist to determine the time since death of skeletonized human remains due to the great number of intrinsic and external factors that may alter the normal course of postmortem change. The purpose of this research was to assess the usefulness of various biochemical parameters, such as nitrogenous bases (adenine, guanine, purines, cytosine, thymine, pyrimidines, hypoxanthine and xanthine), DNA and Collagen Type I peptides to estimate PMI. These parameters were analysed in cortical bone for the establishment of data in a total of 80 long bones of 80 corpses (50 males, 30 females) with a mean age of 68.31 years (S.D. = 18.021, range = 20–97). The bones were removed from the cement niches of a cemetery in Murcia (south-eastern Spain), where they had lain for between 5 and 47 years (mean time 23.83 years, S.D. = 10.85). Our results show a significant decrease in adenine (p = 0.0004), guanine (p = 0.0001), purines (p = 0.0001), cytosine (p = 0.0001), thymine (p = 0.0226), pyrimidines (p = 0.0002) and the number of peptides of Collagen type I (p = 0.0053) in those with a PMI ≥ 20 years. In a curvilinear regression analysis the results show that 30.6% of the variable PMI could be explained by guanine concentration, in bones with a PMI < 20 years, while in cases of a PMI ≥ 20 years, the variable that best explained membership of this group was adenine (38.0%). In the discriminant analysis applied to the all the variables as a function of PMI when two groups were established, 86.7% of the cases were correctly classified. These results show that the quantification of Collagen type I proteins and nitrogenous bases could be used as a complementary tool, together with other analyses, in the estimation of PMI.