Browsing by Subject "Occupations"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Características sociales y de género en el ámbito de contagio de COVID-19 en una región mediterránea
    (Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, 2022-12-19) Soriano López, Jesús; Salmerón Martínez, Diego; García Pina, Rocío; Humberto Gómez, Jesús; Sánchez Rodríguez, Inés; Ballesta Ruiz, Mónica; Chirlaque López, María Dolores; Ciencias Sociosanitarias; Facultad de Enfermería
    BACKGROUND // Knowledge of social and gender determinants, which influence the places where people are exposed to COVID-19, may be relevant in the development of preventive and control strategies. The aim of this paper was to determine the context in which COVID-19 cases were infected (household, work/labor, health, social-health, and social-leisure settings) according to country of origin,occupational social class and gender, which is essential in order to designing public health strategies. METHODS // A cross-sectional study of an epidemiological registry of 56,628 COVID-19 incident cases was made, whose exposure/contagion setting was studied according to the previous variables from June 15 to December 23, 2020, in the Region of Murcia (Spain). An exact Fisher test was used to study the distribution of COVID-19 cases based on the above variables. RESULTS // The cumulative incidence was higher in people from Africa (5,133.5 cases/100,000 inhabitants) and Latin America (11,351.1) than in non-immigrants (3,145.7). It was also higher in women (3,885.6) than in men (3,572.6). It is noteworthy, that 53.3% of the cases with employment were workers in industry or construction, artisans, agricultural workers, or elementary occupations. In contrast, during the second semester of 2020, 41.3% of the employed population in the Region of Murcia performed such jobs. The household was the main exposure setting (56.5% of cases with a known setting), followed by social-leisure (20.7%) and work/labor (18.2%). The labor settings were more important in immigrants from Africa (28.4%) and Latin America (35.7%) than in non-immigrants (12%), inversely to social-leisure settings. Labor context was more important in women (19.6%) than in men (16.5%) and in manual workers (44.1%) than in non-manual workers (26.6%). CONCLUSIONS // The context in which COVID-19 cases were infected is different according to social inequalities related to country of origin, gender and occupational social class.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Importance of occupation in the increase of gender differences in the advance of telework in Spain
    (Public Library of Science, 2025-05-07) Ortiz García, Pilar; Manzanera Román, Salvador; Sociología; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Economía y Empresa
    The COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered forms of labor. In this analysis, which focuses on the Spanish labor market, we consider telework from a gender-based perspective in order to identify whether there is a gender gap in this work form and, if so, whether this is impacted by occupation. The methodology is quantitative in nature, and we apply logistic regression based on data from Eurofound’s European Working Conditions Survey. We investigate how factors including labor characteristics, education, and life stage and cohabitation affect the propensity to engage in telework. The findings reveal the dominance of women in telework, moderated by labor characteristics (occupation, type of contract, and working day) and educational variables.