Browsing by Subject "Nasal polyps"

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    Histochemical detection of expression of binding sites for labelled hyaluronic acid and carrier-immobilized synthetic (histo-blood group trisaccharides) or biochemically purified (ganglioside GM1) glycoligands in nasal polyps and other human lesions including neoplasms
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1996) Hassid, S.; Salmon, I.; Bovin, N.V.; Kiss, R.; Gabius, H.J.; Danguy, A.
    This study is intended to demonstrate the versatility and feasibility of custom-made oligosaccharide- exposing neoglycoconjugates including histo-blood group epitopes in various human lesions, including nasal polyps. The binding of the biotinylated probes was determined on formalin-fixed paraffinembedded sections from archive materials. The general aspects of our results may be interpreted as follows: the neoglycoconjugates used here can readily detect differences in the ability of cells to bind glycan residues in tissue sections, thereby enabling the extent of the binding capacity of various types of human lesions to be compared. Furthermore, the reactivity to glycan may reflect characteristics of the cells and their environment. The investigation into pathological disorders with respect to the binding capacity of these carrierimmobilized mono- or oligosaccharide structures derived from custom-made synthesis or biochemical purification is based on the prospect of translating progress in this field into the establishment of potentially beneficial procedures for medical diagnosis and pathological classification.
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    Histopathological classification of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polips
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2015) Mortuaire, G.; Leroy, Xavier; Gengler, I.; Chevalier, D.; Prin, L.; Picry, A.
    Objective: To delineate the histopathological characteristics of nasal mucosa in refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in order to demonstrate subtypes of nasal polyps and their potential relation with lower airway comorbidity. Study Design: Clinical- and pathological-based cross-sectional study. Methods: Nasal polyp specimens were prospectively collected from patients with refractory CRSwNP referred to our institution for endoscopic sinus surgery. Oral and topical steroids were stopped 1 month before surgery. The pathological analysis was conducted by 2 independent reviewers with light microscopy on Hematoxylin-Eosin-Saffron stained slides. Each observer fulfilled a standardized protocol with cell count and stromal characterization on the most representative field. Mean grading scores were established. Morphological aspects were compared with the cell distribution and the clinical conditions. Results: Among 36 patients, three subtypes of nasal polyps were depicted: eosinophilic edematous (64%), fibrous (9%) and intermediate with mixed edematous and collagen stromal structure (27%). Basement membrane thickening and seromucous gland hyperplasia were observed in the fibrosis sub-type (p<0.03). Eosinophilic mucosal infiltrate was significantly increased (p=0.026) in patients with concomitant pulmonary disease (n=21). Nasal polyp distribution was not influenced by asthma, allergy, previous surgery and smoking. Conclusion: Our 3-subtype classification of refractory CRSwNP in Caucasian population shows a predominant edematous structure whatever the clinical conditions may have been. Eosinophilia as a major factor of adaptive immune response in nasal inflammation is a feature of concomitant pulmonary disease. Further studies concerning mucosal remodelling and outcome assessment after sinus surgery are required to evaluate the impact of our classification on a daily basis.
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    The pathogenesis of chronic inflammation and malignant transformation in the human upper airways, the role of beta-defensins, eNOS, cell proliferation and apoptosis
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2009) Pacova, H.; Astl, J.; Martinek, J.
    The surrounding environment contains plenty of pathogens, which represent a danger of infection. The simplest way for the pathological microorganism to enter the organism is the upper airways. Inflammation of the upper airways is among the most common and frequent diseases. This category includes nasal polyposis and chronic tonsillitis. In many cases it is associated with disorders in relation to the immune response. An inflammatory infiltration of mononuclears, eosinophils, plasma and mast cells can be found in the histological structure of the polypous as well as tonsillar mucosa. One aim of this study was to determine the expression of beta-defensins and various proteins, with a possible potential role in relation to the rise and development of those changes. Another aim was to determine the relationship between the inflammatory and malignant processes in the tonsils. The samples of nasal polyps were obtained during clinically indicated endonasal surgery from patients diagnosed with nasal polyposis (n=50). The samples of tonsils were collected during surgery from patients suffering from chronic tonsillitis (n=11) or tonsillar carcinoma (n=17). Immunohistochemical procedures for the detection of human beta-defensin 1, 2, 3 (HBD-1, 2, 3), Ki- 67, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and cleaved caspase 3 were performed on cryostate and paraffin sections. It was proven that HBD are secreted in fairly large amounts in cases of chronic inflammation. Their secretion during the malignant transformation is limited. This is a very probable fact that plays a role in malignant transformation in tonsillar tissue. The crucial role in the development of chronic inflammation, and maybe that of malignant transformation, is played by eNOS and its product NO molecule. eNOS and the NO molecule are involved in cell cycle regulation, in the apoptotic processes and cell proliferation, as well as in the angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Our result confirmed that eNOS is presented in the tissues of the upper airways in both chronic inflammation and carcinomatous processes. Ki-67 and cleaved caspase 3 were used as markers of cell proliferation and apoptosis.