Browsing by Subject "Mediterranean Sea"
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- PublicationOpen AccessHeavy metals in tissues from loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) from the southwestern Mediterranean (Spain)(Elsevier, 2009-02-02) Martínez-López, Emma; Hernández-García, Alejandro; María-Mojica, Pedro; Romero García, Diego; Castillo, Juan J.; Bellido, Juan J.; García Fernández, Antonio Juan; Gómez Ramírez, Pilar; Jiménez Montalbán, Pedro Javier; Ciencias SociosanitariasCadmium, lead, copper, and zinc were measured in tissues of 21 loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) from the southwestern Mediterranean coastline. Mean concentrations (dry weight) of essential elements (Zn and Cu) were 107 and 21.6 μg/g in liver, 27.9 and 3.8 μg/g in kidney, 65.4 and 5.0 μg/g in pectoral muscle, 11.1 and 3.45 μg/g in brain, and finally 19.2 μg/g and undetected in bone, respectively. Mean concentrations of heavy metals (Cd and Pb) were 23.4 and 2.8 μg/g in liver, 31.5 and 0.5 μg/g in kidney, 0.2 and 0.3 μg/g in pectoral muscle, 0.2 and 0.7 μg/g in brain, and undetected and 1.2 μg/g in bone, respectively. Metal concentrations were similar to other studies conducted on Mediterranean turtles. However, cadmium concentrations varied widely among individuals, which has been associated with potential sources of cadmium in Mediterranean Sea. This is the first study into metal accumulation in tissues of loggerhead turtle from Spanish Mediterranean coastline.
- PublicationOpen AccessIncentives for good governance: getting the balance right for Port-Cros National Park (Mediterranean Sea, France)(Ministere de l'Environnement, de lEnergie et de la Mer, 2016) Hogg, Katie; Markantonatou, Vasiliki; Noguera-Méndez, Pedro; Semitiel-García, María; Economía AplicadaThis paper provides preliminary findings from an examination of the nature of the management effectivness and governance structure underpinning the Port-Cros National Park (PCNP), created in 1963, then restricted to the Port-Cros Archipelago, and the newly created Port-Cros National Park (N-PCNP), (whose implementation process extended from 2012-2016) the surface area of which will be multiplied 64-fold to 75-fold. The analysis that follows was restricted to the marine parts of PCNP and N-PCNP. The MPAG governance analysis framework was applied through semi-structured interviews with park managers, staff and relevant experts. Through this systematic analysis the role and interaction between incentives are better understood. The PCNP, created primarily from the top-down with elements of a bottom-up approach, resulted, in the course of its more than 50-year history, in a successful positive balance between natural heritage preservation and sustainable development, such as the artisanal fishery. Public acceptance has been addressed through increased use of participative incentives, brought about by a reform of French National Parks in 2006 and the creation of the N-PNPC in 2012-2016. Although the current governance approach and management is effective, and not all cross cutting issues and challenges are sufficiently addressed, the French 2006 approach of national parks and the 2012-2016 bottom-up process of negotiating the N-PCNP charter is unique and is considered by those involved as a model for Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). It is recommended that increased participative and interpretative incentives be utilised to generate greater community stewardship.
- PublicationOpen AccessPrevalence of Anguillicoloides crassus (Nematoda, Dracunculoidea) in wild European eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) from Mar Menor lagoon (Western Mediterranean, Spain)(École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, 2011) Martínez Carrasco-Pleite, Carlos; Ruiz de Ybáñez Carnero, María del Rocío; Peñalver, José; Mayo-Hernández, Elvira; Muñoz, Pilar; García Ayala, Alfonsa; Sanidad AnimalAnguillicoloides crassus infection in wild European eels (Anguilla anguilla) from Mar Menor, a hypersaline coastal lagoon situated on the shores of theM editerranean in south-east Spain, was evaluated. As well, an artificial digestion is described for the detection, isolation and counting of larval stages in the swimbladder wall. A total of 109 eels were collected between November 2008 and March 2009 and adult worms were recovered from the swimbladders of infected eels. The detected prevalence was 7.34%. Second-stage larvae (L2) numbers ranged from one to thousands per swimbladder. This developmental stage was the most prevalent parasite tsage detected in infected eels. L2 were even found in eels harbouring neither pre-adult nor adult nematodes, which could indicate that infected eels are chronically infected. The lack of a suitable intermediate host for this nematode or the recent introduction of A. crassus into this environment could be the causes of the low prevalence of this parasite in eels from Mar Menor lagoon.
- PublicationOpen AccessRecurrent marine heatwaves threaten the resilience and viability of a key Mediterranean octocoral species(Wiley, 2023-07-12) Orenes Salazar, Víctor; Navarro Martínez, Pedro Clemente; Ruiz, Juan Manuel; García Charton, José Antonio; Ecología e Hidrología1. Long-term ecological studies are essential for understanding the resilience of temperate reefs to ocean warming and the response of their habitat-forming species to recurrent marine heatwaves (MHWs). 2. This study evaluated the long-term response (2005–2021) of the habitat-forming octocoral Eunicella singularis (Esper, 1791) to recurrent MHWs in a Mediterranean marine protected area established more than 25 years ago, where restrictions on fishing and diving activities are well enforced. 3. During the study period, there were two mass-mortality events (MMEs), in 2007 and 2018, that dramatically disrupted the local gorgonian population. The MMEs were triggered by different temperature dynamics, which ultimately led to differential patterns in mortality rates. 4. The record-breaking MHW in 2018 prompted one of the largest MMEs ever recorded in the Mediterranean Sea, which affected 75% of the individuals in the gorgonian population and killed 12.5% of colonies. 5. Furthermore, MHWs were detected in all years from 2014 to 2021, preventing injured tissues from fully recovering, leading to significant accumulated damage at the end of the study period (30 times higher than the levels prior to the first MME), and a marked decrease in resilience that threatens the population viability of this long-lived species. 6. The octocoral studied is one of the most important structural and biomass contributors to one of the most diverse Mediterranean communities. These results underscore the great risk that annual MHWs pose to the long-term integrity of the circalittoral rocky bottoms of the Mediterranean coasts. 7. In the face of climate change, MPAs must provide areas of reduced anthropic stress for gorgonian populations, enabling the restoration and maintenance of natural processes. Additionally, MPAs should serve as sentinel areas to test the effectiveness of coral restoration actions, which can help managers and scientists to estimate the usefulness of these techniques.
- PublicationOpen AccessTissue Distribution of Mercury and Its Relationship with Selenium in Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.)(MDPI, ) Belmonte, Antonio; Muñoz, Pilar; Santos Echeandía, Juan; Romero García, Diego; Sanidad Animal; Ciencias Sociosanitarias