Browsing by Subject "Immunoglobulin A"

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    Effect of repeated administration of lipopolysaccharide on inflammatory and stress markers in saliva of growing pigs
    (Elsevier, 2014-04-16) Campos, Paulo H.R.F.; Gutiérrez Montes, Ana María; Le Floc’h, Nathalie; Cerón Madrigal, José Joaquín; Merlot, Elodie; Escribano Tortosa, Damián; Producción Animal
    Although saliva could be considered to be an ideal biological sample for evaluation of biomarkers relat- ing to stress and inflammatory responses in pigs, little is known about how these might be influenced by the presence of endotoxaemia. In the present study, the response to repeated administrations of li- popolysaccharide (LPS) was investigated, using a panel of salivary stress markers such as chromogranin A (CgA) and cortisol, as well as inflammatory/immune markers such as haptoglobin (Hp), C-reactive protein (CRP) and immunoglobulin A (IgA). Sixteen growing pigs were adapted to experimental conditions for 3 weeks, after which, 10 of the pigs were selected to receive three doses of LPS at 48 h intervals. Saliva samples were taken from all pigs prior to any LPS administration (baseline) and at time points corresponding to 3 h after each injection of LPS (T1, T2 and T3). Results showed that repeated administration of LPS induced significant elevation of salivary markers of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (cortisol) and immune (Hp, CRP and IgA) activity compared to base- line levels (P < 0.05). However, rectal temperature, CRP and cortisol data suggested that the amplitude of the inflammatory response decreased with successive LPS administrations. Thus, measurement of sal- ivary biomarkers could be a practical tool for evaluating the inflammatory response to endotoxaemia in pigs. In the case of chronic inflammatory states, salivary Hp and IgA might be more sensitive markers than CRP or cortisol.
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    Increased migration of IgA lymphocytes to VIP nerve fibers after DSS-induced colitis
    (F. Hernández y J.F. Madrid. Murcia: Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología., 2011) Ueno, Eri; Hisajima, Tatsuya; Nakano, Masato; Goris, Richard C.; Funakoshi, Kengo
    Immunoglobulin-positive lymphocytes are present close to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-positive (VIP+) nerve fibers in the lamina propria of the intestinal tract, and have an important role in mucosal defense. The number of immunoglobulin A-positive (IgA+) cells close to the epithelial basement membrane and nerve fibers is increased by the administration of lipopolysaccharides, which induce IgA secretion into the intestinal lumen. The relationship between immunoglobulin-positive lymphocytes and the VIP+ nerve fibers during inflammation, such as in inflammatory bowel disease, however, is not well known. The morphological relationship between immunoglobulin-positive cells and the basement membrane or the VIP+ nerve fibers in the colon was examined using double immunofluorescent labeling in an inflammatory bowel disease mouse model created by oral administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). DSS administration induced goblet cell loss, crypt loss, intestinal epithelium deformation and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the mucosa. In the colon, the number and percentage of IgA+ lymphocytes close to the basement membrane and the VIP+ nerve fibers in the lamina propria increased after DSS administration, in parallel with the pathologic progress in the inflamed tissue. On the other hand, the percentage of immunoglobulin G-positive (IgG+) lymphocytes close to the basement membrane and the VIP+ nerve fibers decreased, although the total number of IgG+ lymphocytes in the lamina propria increased. We suggest that the immunoglobulin-producing lymphocytes and enteric nerve fibers in the colon normally have a close morphological relationship, and that this relationship is reinforced in a cell-specific manner during inflammation.