Browsing by Subject "Hypercholesterolemia"

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    Amelioration of hypercholesterolemiainduced hepatic changes with red grape juice: A histopathological study
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2014) Al-Ahmadi, Ahlam Abdulaziz; Ali, Soad Shaker; Ayuob, Nasra Naeim; Al Ansary, Abeer Khaled
    Objectives: Hypercholesterolemia was confirmed as a risk factor for hepatic fibrosis, as well atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. This biochemical and histoplathological study was conducted to investigate the possible protective effect of red grape against hepatic injury induced by a high-cholesterol diet (HCD). Material and methods: Thirty male Wister rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=10): the control received saline, the induction group was fed HCD, and the treated group was fed a HCD and 0.4 ml of 100% red grape juice (RGJ) for 13 weeks. After the animals were sacrificed, liver tissue samples were taken to be processed for light and electron microscopy examination. Results: The administration of the RGJ and HCD significantly decreased the animals’ blood glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein levels and increased their High Density Lipoprotein level compared to the rats fed the HCD alone. It also decreased the periportal (macro- and microvesicular) steatosis, fibrosis, lymphocytic infiltration and blood sinusoidal congestion that were observed in HCD-fed rats alone. The RGJ reduced the number of activated myofibrobasts. This was confirmed by a reduction in the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin and desmin. The RGJ increased, although not significantly, the expression of endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthetase. Conclusion: The administration of RGJ succeeded in alleviating the biochemical and, to some extent, the histopathological changes induced by the high cholesterol diet. Consumption of fresh RGJ or its pharmaceutical preparations is advised especially for those who are used to eat a high fat diet.
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    Hyperlipidemia and kidney disease: Concepts derived from histopathology and cell biology of the glomerulus
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 1998) Kamanna, V. S.; Roh, D. D.; Kirschenbaum, M. A.
    The association between hyperlipidemia and renal disease was noted by Virchow as earl y as the 19th ce ntury. Subseq ue ntl y, similar histopatho log ica l lipid depo siti o ns we re confirme d in diverse huma n a nd experimental renal diseases. Altho ugh, no studies have been established in man to suggest a causal re lationship between lipid s and the pathogenesis of rena l disease . compe llin g ev id e nce acc umul a te d in experimental animals suggests a direct role of lipids in the initiation and progression of glome rular disease. These studi es showed that cho lesterol-feed ing to various experimental animals induced the development of glomerul ar injury. Furthermore. the treatment of hype rlipidemic a nima ls with lipid lowering drugs prevented the deve lopment of glomenllosclerosis. In this article, we will rev iew recent advances made in understanding various aspects of lipid-mediated rena l injury inc ludin g bioc he mi ca l mec ha nisms of hype rlipidemia, a possible direct role of hyperlipidemi a in the pa th oge nesis o f ren a l disease, pathobiological acc umulation of lipids and lipoprote ins, biochemi cal and histological similarities between systemic atherosclerosis and glomerulosclerosis, and cellular processes invo lved in the development of glomerul ar disease. Furthermore, we will define cellular and mo lecul ar hypotheses that provide putative mechanisms by which hyperlipidemia a nd a theroge ni c lipo pro tei ns indu ce se ri es o f cy toregulatory peptide- med iated eve nts in vo lved in the development of glomerul ar disease.