Browsing by Subject "Healthcare workers"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Open Access
    Mapping the healthcare skills pack: a systematic scoping review and qualitative content analysis (1993–2023)
    (Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2026) New, Karl J.; Galli, Fabio; Sin departamento asociado
    Resumen:La práctica profesional, clínica y docente en el ámbito sanitario está interconectada ydepende de un amplio conjunto de competencias. Este estudio mapea cómo se describen las“competencias” (skills) en la literatura para apoyar el desarrollo curricular e identificar brechasrelevantes para los retos actuales y futuros, incluida la transformación tecnológica y la inteligenciaartificial (IA). Se realizó una revisión sistemática de alcance (scoping review) con análisis cualitativode contenido para identificar y categorizar competencias relacionadas con la salud publicadas entre1993 y 2023. Las búsquedas se efectuaron en PubMed y Google Scholar utilizando términos long-tail centrados en educadores/educación. Los registros se desduplicaron y cribaron, y los textoscompletos elegibles se codificaron en MAXQDA mediante un enfoque guiado por un codebook. Seaplicó un criterio de factibilidad free-full-text-or-next para garantizar un acceso homogéneo al textocompleto para la codificación cualitativa. Toda la codificación fue realizada por el autor. esultados se informan a nivel de códigos (N = 1024), contabilizando cada competencia comomáximo una vez por manuscrito. Se incluyeron 168 manuscritos (el corpus incluido abarca 1995–2023, ya que no se recuperaron manuscritos elegibles para 1993–1994). En total se generaron 1024códigos de competencias, agrupados en nueve áreas: Clínica/Médica (25,87%), Enseñanza yAprendizaje (24,21%), Comunicación (16,60%), Emocional (9,27%), Interpersonal (8,59%),Psicomotora (6,25%), Gestión (4,68%), Analítica (2,34%) y Liderazgo (2,14%). A nivel decompetencias individuales, el “paquete de competencias” se concentró en 21 competenciasnucleares, que representan el 70,11% de todos los datos codificados; las más prevalentes fueron lascompetencias clínicas, de comunicación, técnicas y docentes. Las competencias explícitamenterelacionadas con dominios emergentes como la IA y la salud digital avanzada estuvieronrelativamente infrarrepresentadas. En conjunto, la literatura enfatiza las áreas Clínica/Médica,Enseñanza y Aprendizaje y Comunicación, con una marcada concentración en un conjunto limitadode competencias nucleares, lo que sugiere la necesidad de reforzar y actualizar las competenciaspara responder a las demandas tecnológicas y relacionadas con la IA en evolución.
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    Open Access
    User violence prevention and intervention measures to minimize and prevent aggression towards health care workers: A systematic review
    (Cell Press, 2023-09-01) Pina, David; López Ros, Paloma; López López, Reyes; Puente López, Esteban; Psiquiatría y Psicología Social
    Workplace violence in the health care setting is a social problem of great interest both at the health care level and in research in recent decades. The most common type of violence is the one coming from the user towards the professional. Although the bibliography includes multiple preventive actions focused on working with professionals, there are hardly any studies that explore and collect actions aimed at the user. The aim of this study is to analyze the results of the literature to provide an overview of the current evidence. Specifically, it aims to describe the various user-directed strategies or interventions aimed at reducing workplace violence experienced by professionals within the healthcare sector. A systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), methodology of publications published up to December 2022 in the main databases. Studies that met the previously established eligibility criteria were identified. A peer review of the risk of bias was performed and the data were extracted from a previously elaborated template. The search yielded 5231 articles of which 11 were finally included in the review. Of these, 3 had a quantitative design, 7 had a qualitative design and one had a combined design. Of these, 38 measures or actions aimed at the user were compiled, grouped into four blocks according to the attitudinal objective pursued: Improvement of communication and creation of links, involvement of the user in joint decisions with the staff, informing and training the user, and other independent proposals. This study makes it possible to explore actions aimed at users with the objective of reducing violence towards health professionals. It collects and makes available to the scientific community a set of measures aimed at making a change of attitude in the perpetrator themselves, with the involvement of the perpetrator in the health system. This set of collected measures provides researchers with a basis to be taken into account for the implementation of future prevention plans according to the new multicomponent prevention models and with the involvement of the perpetrator themselves.
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    Publication
    Open Access
    Users' perception of violence and conflicts with professionals in Primary Care centers before and during COVID-19. A qualitative study
    (Frontiers Media, 2021-12-16) Pina, David; López Ros, Paloma; Luna Maldonado, Aurelio; Luna Ruiz-Caballero, Aurelio; Llor Esteban, Bartolomé; Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio; García Jiménez, Jesús Javier; Puente López, Esteban; Martínez Jarreta, Begoña; Psiquiatría y Psicología Social
    Background: Workplace violence is a social problem of special interest in both intervention and research. Among the sectors that most perceive this type of violence, health care professionals stand out. The most common type of violence for this professional group is the one perpetrated by the users or patients themselves. It has been reported that one out of every four acts of violence in the workplace occurs in the healthcare setting. Within the health sector, the Mental Health, Emergency and Primary Care services have been widely reported as being among the most vulnerable, with Primary Care being the least addressed of the three. Although the available literature is extensive, there are hardly any studies that explore from a qualitative perspective what are the sources of conflict in this sector from the perspective of the users, the most common being to work with professionals. Objective: The aim of this study is to examine those aspects derived from the organization, the professionals or the users of Primary Care that, from the users' point of view, cause violent situations and how they think these could be avoided. Method: The sample consisted of 80 users of the Primary Care services of the Health Service of Murcia. For data collection, a qualitative study was conducted through 10 focus groups and a subsequent thematic analysis of the data. Results: The results have allowed us to identify that, from an organizational point of view, the uncertainty in waiting times, the need to adapt the telematic or telephone appointment to the different types of users, or the management of emergencies in Primary Care are the aspects that cause most conflicts between users and professionals. In this sense, suggested improvements are aimed at providing information in the mobile application updated on the opening hours or maintaining the telephone appointment for those who need or request it, among many others. As for the professionals, users point out that the medical staff is perceived as distant and sometimes does not provide enough information on the health status of users. Another professional group widely addressed in the focus groups was the administrative staff, being described as lacking in communication skills, assertiveness, or empathy. Users recognize the existence of a demanding/aggressive profile among users, who makes instrumental use of violence to achieve privileges over users in general. We have also identified the profile of the user who makes use of Primary Care as a way of socializing or managing conflicts of a socioemotional nature. As proposals for this thematic block, users suggest group therapies, the use of audiovisual material complementary to the information provided by professionals or community interventions in psychoeducation. Conclusion: This study allows to explore conflicts between users and professionals from the Primary Care patients' perspective. Our results are complementary to the available evidence that has used the professional's approach to study the phenomenon of workplace violence. The identification of sources of conflict and the assessment and contribution of users on possible ways of improvement can serve as a basis for the design of prevention and intervention plans to improve the work environment in Primary Care centers.