Browsing by Subject "HER2"

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    Analysis of HER2 status in gastroesophageal tumor specimens using a new automated HER2 IQFISH pharmDx™ (Dako Omnis) assay
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Viale, Giuseppe; Paterson, Jennifer; Bloch, Miriam; Csathy, George; Allen, David; Dell’Orto, Patrizia; Kjærsgaard, Gitte; Levy, Yaron Y.; Trøst Jørgensen, Jan
    The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an important target for treatment of gastroesophageal cancer. Different slide-based assays are available for assessment of HER2 status. Overexpression of the HER2 protein is assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) whereas amplification of the HER2 gene is assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or other in situ hybridization (ISH) methods. Here we report a summary of the validation data on HER2 IQFISH pharmDx™ (Dako Omnis), a newly developed assay for the automated staining platform Dako Omnis. This assay uses a non-toxic buffer that significantly reduces the hybridization time, which results in a total turnaround time of less than 4 hours from deparaffinization to counting of the gene and centromere signals. The data reported in the current summary cover method comparison, assessment of staining quality, observer-to-observer reproducibility as well as reproducibility within and between laboratories. Based on data from the different studies it was concluded that HER2 IQFISH pharmDx (Dako Omnis) is a reliable and robust assay, with high precision and at least comparable to the manual HER2 IQFISH pharmDx™ assay. The HER2 IQFISH pharmDx (Dako Omnis) assay is currently not commercially available outside the European Union.
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    Evaluating Trastuzumab in the treatment of HER2 positive breast cancer
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Jaques, Ryan; Xu, Sam; Matsakas, Antonios
    The transmembrane oncoprotein HER2 is encoded by ERBB2 gene and overexpressed in around 20% of invasive breast cancers. It can be specifically targeted by Trastuzumab (Herceptin ® ), a humanised IgG1 antibody. Trastuzumab has been regarded as one of the most effective therapeutic drugs targeted to HER2 positive cancers. However, there are drawbacks, notably cardiotoxicity and resistance, which have raised awareness in clinical use. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of action is vital to establish improved therapeutic strategies. Here we evaluate Trastuzumab application in the treatment of HER2 positive breast cancer, focusing on its mechanistic actions and clinical effectiveness. Alternative therapies targeting the HER2 receptor and its downstream anomalies will also be discussed, as these could highlight further targets that could be key to improving clinical outcomes.