Browsing by Subject "Gentamicin"

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    Inhibition of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity by lithium in rat
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1993) Samadian, T.; Dehpour, A.R.; Amini, Sh.; Nouhnejad, P.
    Daily intraperitoneal injection of gentamicin in doses of 2,4 and 10 mglkglday for 5 consecutive days produced proximal tubular necrosis in male albino rats as assessed by ultrastructural findings from electron microscopic observations. With respect to nephrotoxicity, aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs) have been shown to concentrate in the lysosomes of kidney proximal tubular cells to inhibit the activities of phospholipases A and C, including a phospholipidosis, characterized by the formation of myeloid bodies. It has been suggested that the nephrotoxicity of AGs is related to the extent of this phospholipidosis. The concurrent therapy of lithium in doses of 5 and 10 mEqIkglday, administered subcutaneously, 24 hours prior to gentamicin administration for the same period, proved effective in reducing the gentamicin-induced phospholipidosis in kidney as judged by reduction in lysosomal myeloid bodies to an amount of 26-45 percent. It is well known that lithium interferes with phosphatidylinositol turnover and reduces the cellular availability of myoinositol which is needed for the resynthesis of membrane poliphosphoinositides. Thus, the inhibitory effect of lithium on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity may be due to interference of lithium with phosphoinositide cycle.
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    Morphological evaluation of steatosis in monolayer cultures (MDCK cells) after treatment with gentamicin and valproic acid
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1989) Stiemer, B.
    An attempt was made to develop a method for the morphological and morphometric evaluation of fat inclusions in monolayer cell cultures. For this purpose we used electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and Sudan black staining methods followed by morphometric evaluation techniques. MDCK (Madin-Darby-caninekidney) cells were treated with valproic acid (VPA; 10, 100, 1000 pglml medium for 22 hrs) and gentamicin (1, 10,50 pglml for 60 min). Sudan black staining revealed a dose-dependent increase in fat deposits after application of the two substances. SEM inspection showed differences in the size and distribution of the fat inclusions. TEM findings only partly allowed us to differentiate clearly between VPA- and gentamicin-induced fat inclusions.