Browsing by Subject "Fungicides"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Contribution of critical doses of iprovalicarb, mepanipyrim and tetraconazole to the generation of volatile compounds from Monastrell-based wines
    (Elsevier, 2023-03-01) Sieiro-Sampedro, Thais; Figueiredo-González, María; Garzón-Vidueira, Raúl; Cancho-Grande, Beatriz; González-Barreiro, Carmen; Cámara, Miguel A.; Oliva, José; Rial-Otero, Raquel; Química Agrícola, Geología y Edafología
    The individual effects of iprovalicarb, mepanipyrim, and tetraconazole on the volatile composition and aromatic profile of Monastrell-based wines were evaluated. To date, no studies about the effect of these fungicides on Monastrell-based wines are available, and the effect on other grape varieties is also unknown. Fungicides were added separately in the cellar to the grape must at two concentration levels (4 and 10 mg/kg for iprovalicarb and mepanipyrim and 1 and 2.5 mg/kg for tetraconazole). The aromatic composition of the final wines was analysed by gas chromatography using flame ionisation and ion trap mass selective detectors. In the presence of fungicides, the most significant variations were observed for isoamyl acetate and 2-phenylethyl acetate (increasing between 20 and 43% compared with the control wine) and ethyl caprate and caprylate (increasing between 12 and 68%). Consequently, treated wines showed a higher global odourant intensity, with increased fresh fruit notes.
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    Dissipation of Three Fungicides and Their Effects on Anthocyanins and Color of Monastrell Red Wines
    (MDPI, 2019-03-22) Briz-Cid, Noelia; Rial-Otero, Raquel; Cámara, Miguel A.; Oliva, José; Simal-Gandara, Jesus; Química Agrícola, Geología y Edafología
    The effect of fungicides on fermentation is of paramount importance to control the quality and safety of wines. In this work, the quality (enological parameters, color, phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and fungicide residues) of wines from Monastrell grapes fortified with iprovalicarb, mepanipyrim, and tetraconazole fungicides was evaluated. Along the winemaking process, initial residues of mepanipyrim and tetraconazole were removed in more than 90% while the dissipation of iprovalicarb was around 73%. Significant statistical differences were found in the presence of iprovalicarb and mepanipyrim residues, especially at the highest concentration assayed. For both fungicides, increases in the volatile acidity (between 4 and 8.6 times), the lactic acid content (between 8.6 and 20.5 times), the percentage of polymeric anthocyanins (between 1.3 and 1.7 times), and also a slight increase of the total phenolic index and the total anthocyanin content determined by spectrophotometry were observed. On the contrary, the total monomeric anthocyanins content decreased about 16.3% and 28.6% in the presence of iprovalicarb and mepanipyrim, respectively. These results could be related to a higher development of acetic acid or lactic bacteria in the presence of these fungicides. The color of the final wines was also different in comparison with the control, with a higher yellow component, color intensity, tonality, and hue angle because of pH changes in the medium. Tetraconazole fermentations had a more similar trend to the control wine, probably due to the lower concentration of this fungicide in the grape must at the initial time. No effects on the antioxidant activity was observed for any of the target fungicides. A multivariate statistical analysis was done to view the interrelationships between different variables (color and anthocyanins profile). The obtained model allowed the wines to be separated according to the fungicide treatment applied.
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    Effect of fungicides on the yeast population during spontaneous fermentation in the vinification of monastrell grapes
    (Elsevier, 2020-09) Oliva, José; Girón, Francisco; Cayuela, José M.; Mulero, Juana; Zafrilla, Pilar; Cámara, Miguel Angel; Química Agrícola, Geología y Edafología
    The influence of six fungicides on indigenous yeasts of grape var. Monastrell, after performing two treatments (Good Agricultural Practices-GAP and Critical Agricultural Practices-CAP), was studied. Fungicide residues have been determined using a method of multi-residual extraction that uses QuEChERS and liquid chromatography in tandem with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Identification of yeast was carried out by PCR and subsequent sequencing. The fungicide residues are below the EU maximum residue limits (MRLs) established in wine grapes. At the beginning and during the fermentation, most of the treated samples show counts (CFU/mL) higher than the control test (20–30% more), even in the most unfavorable conditions (treated the same day of harvest). It is noteworthy the absence of Hanseniaspora uvarum and the presence of Clavispora lusitaniae, Debaryomyces hansenii and Metschnikowia pulcherrima. Nevertheless, no fungicide either under treatment inhibits fermentation or delays it. Moreover, the evolution of yeast populations found during fermentation follows the normal sequence of species. This research might be of interest for scientists and companies working on either basic or production aspects respectively of the winemaking process.
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    Trends in dithiocarbamates food research: A bibliometric vision
    (Elsevier, 2022-11-23) Veiga del Baño, José Manuel; Martínez López, Salvadora; Pérez Lucas, Gabriel; Andreo Martínez, Pedro; Química Agrícola, Geología y Edafología
    Dithiocarbamate Fungicides (DTFs) are widely analyzed and studied mainly due to the fact that they play an important role in the cultivation of fruits and vegetables. This manuscript aims to display the results of a bibliometric analysis based on the Web of Science© database, performed in the DTF and food research area. A total of 374 publications were examined. The most scientific production was concentrated between 2012 and 2021, showing a decrease of 32% over the last two years. The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, India, and Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology were the most productive journal, country, and institution, respectively. Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy index showed a decrease of 95% in the last last years studied. Finally, current and future trends should focus on keywords such as individual DTF (Mancozeb, Thiram and Maneb), metabolites (Ethylenethiourea, Propilenthiourea) and a change in the analysis methodology: HPLC versus traditional GC.