Browsing by Subject "Feline"
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- PublicationOpen AccessA neuroanatomical study of the feline brain using MRI and mulligan staining: functional and pathological considerations(Universidad de Shiraz, 2021-07-21) Díaz Martínez, Elena; Arencibia Espinosa, Alberto; Soler Laguía, Marta; Kilroy, David; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Martínez Gomariz, Francisco; Ramírez Zarzosa, Gregorio José; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica ComparadasDespite multiple studies describing accurate diagnoses using advanced neuroimaging techniques, low and mid-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are still the most frequent scanners in veterinary clinics. To date, these studies in cats do not show a clear distinction of nerve centres in MRI data. Aims: The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of Mulligan histological staining as a tool in facilitating the location and identification of the main structures of the feline brain in MRI. This study aims to facilitate the interpretation of MRI obtained with these types of scanners. Methods: A total of 10 feline brains were used. One specimen was used for MRI (T2 sequence using a 1.5T scanner). The other 9 brains were sectioned and stained with the three Mulligan staining techniques (Mulligan, Le Masurier and Robert). Results: The uptake of stain by the grey matter in these sections allowed the determination of the location and the limits of these nervous structures within the brain. The histological location of these structures was correlated with the MRI scans, leading to the successful identification of many small, indistinct nuclei. Conclusion: Mulligan staining is proposed as a tool that facilitates the location of nerve structures in comparison with data from the most frequently-used MRI scanners in veterinary clinics
- PublicationOpen AccessA neuroanatomical study of the feline brain using MRI and mulligan staining: functional and pathological considerations(2021) Diaz Martínez, E.; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Arencibia Espinosa, A.; Soler Laguía, Marta; Kilroy, D.; Martínez Gomariz, Francisco; Ramírez Zarzosa, Gregorio José; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada; Facultad de VeterinariaBackground: Despite multiple studies describing accurate diagnoses using advanced neuroimaging techniques, low and mid-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are still the most frequent scanners in veterinary clinics. To date, these studies in cats do not show a clear distinction of nerve centres in MRI data. Aims: The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of Mulligan histological staining as a tool in facilitating the location and identification of the main structures of the feline brain in MRI. This study aims to facilitate the interpretation of MRI obtained with these types of scanners. Methods: A total of 10 feline brains were used. One specimen was used for MRI (T2 sequence using a 1.5T scanner). The other 9 brains were sectioned and stained with the three Mulligan staining techniques (Mulligan, Le Masurier and Robert). Results: The uptake of stain by the grey matter in these sections allowed the determination of the location and the limits of these nervous structures within the brain. The histological location of these structures was correlated with the MRI scans, leading to the successful identification of many small, indistinct nuclei. Conclusion: Mulligan staining is proposed as a tool that facilitates the location of nerve structures in comparison with data from the most frequently-used MRI scanners in veterinary clinics.
- PublicationOpen AccessAn anatomical study using computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and rhinoscopy of the nasal cavity of domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus L.) and big cats: lion (Panthera leo leo L.), leopard (Panthera pardus kotiya L.), and cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus S.)(MDPI, 2024-04-13) Díaz Martínez, Elena; Arencibia Espinosa, Alberto; Kilroy, David; Soler Laguía, Marta; Kilroy, David; Martínez Gomariz, Francisco; Casas García, Diego Luis; Sánchez Collado, Cayetano; Gil Cano, Francisco; Raduán Jaber, José; Ramírez Zarzosa, Gregorio José; Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología; Facultad de VeterinariaThe objective of this work was to study the normal anatomy of the nasal cavity of the three species of big cats (leopard, lion, and cheetah) compared to the domestic cat through the use of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and rhinoscopy. Computed tomography allowed us to clearly visualize the entire bony and cartilaginous framework that supports the nasal cavity. Magnetic resonance imaging permitted better visualization of the soft tissues of this cavity. On the other hand, rhinoscopy enabled the direct visualization of the mucosa of the vestibule and nasal cavity, which is very useful in the diagnosis of masses or foreign bodies. Furthermore, with this technique, it has been possible to observe several small orifices from the nasolacrimal duct, the pharyngeal auditory tube, and the lateral nasal gland. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and rhinoscopy are useful tools in analysis of the anatomical characteristics of the nasal cavity in these species.
- PublicationOpen AccessAnatomical and three-dimensional study of the female feline abdominal and pelvic vascular system using dissections, computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance angiography(MDPI, 2023-12-14) Rojo Ríos, Daniel; Soler Laguía, Marta; Kilroy, David; Sánchez Collado, Cayetano; García García, María I.; Arencibia Espinosa, Alberto; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Gil Cano, Francisco; Martínez Gomariz, Francisco; Ramírez Zarzosa, Gregorio José; Sánchez Collado, Cayetano; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas; Facultad de VeterinariaThis study describes the anatomical characteristics of the abdominal and pelvic vascular system of two healthy mature female cats via three-dimensional contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography, non-contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography and three-dimensional printing. Volume-rendering computed tomography angiography images were acquired from the ventral aspect using RadiAnt, Amira and OsiriX MD Dicom three-dimensional formats, and three-dimensional printing was obtained and compared with the corresponding computed tomography angiography images. Non-contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography was made us ing the time-of-flight imaging in ventral, oblique and lateral views. In addition, three cadavers with colored latex injection were dissected to facilitate the identification of the vascular structures. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography showed the main vascular structures, whereas with the time-of-flight blood appeared with a high signal intensity compared with associated abdominal and pelvic tissues. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography images and time-of-flight sequences provided adequate anatomical details of the main arteries and veins that could be used for future feline anatomical and clinical vascular studies of the abdomen and pelvis
- PublicationOpen AccessAppearance and distribution of stromal myofibroblasts and tenascin-C in feline mammary tumors(Murcia: F. Hernández, 2011) Yoshimura, Hisashi; Michishita, Masaki; Ohkusu-Tsukada, Kozo; Takahashi, KimimasaMyofibroblasts and extracellular matrix protein tenascin-C (Tn-C) are known to be implicated in cancer progression in human cancer. In feline mammary tumors that are a suitable model for human breast cancer, however, little is known about stromal myofibroblasts and no information is available on the expression of Tn-C. Feline samples of normal mammary glands and proliferating mammary lesions were routinely processed and serial sections were cut and immunostained with anti-α-smooth muscle actin (α- SMA) or Tn-C antibody. Myofibroblasts were not included in the stroma of 90% (9/10) of normal mammary gland tissues, 92% (12/13) of adenosis, and 63% (5/8) of simple adenomas. On the other hand, all 40 simple carcinomas contained stromal myofibroblasts to a varied extent. Tn-C expression was detected in the stroma of 92% (37/40) of carcinomas, and its global distribution almost coincided with that of myofibroblasts. In addition, Tn-C immunoreactivity was occasionally observed in the basement membrane zone around ducts in some cases of normal mammary glands and benign lesions, but barely observed in the stroma. These results suggest that stromal myofibroblasts may be a major cellular source of Tn-C and be involved in malignant progression of feline mammary tumor.
- PublicationOpen AccessClinical, diagnostic and epidemiological implications of Hepatozoon spp., Babesia spp. and Leishmania infantum infection in cats and dogs in a Mediterranean periurban setting(Springer, 2023-01) Ortuño, María; Bernal, Ana; Nachum Biala, Yaarit; Muñoz, Clara; Risueño, José; Ortiz Sánchez, Juana; Baneth, Gad; Berriatua, Eduardo; Sanidad AnimalHepatozoon spp., Babesia spp. and Leishmania infantum are common parasites of dogs in Mediterranean countries and are less frequent in cats, particularly Babesia spp. and L. infantum. Moreover, there is limited information on coinfections between these parasites and on L. infantum’s distribution in blood, skin and lymphoid tissue in cats. We used PCR and DNA sequencing to investigate the prevalence of these parasites and the aetiology of Hepatozoon spp. and Babesia spp., in blood, skin, spleen and lymph node samples from up to 212 stray cats and 82 abandoned dogs in southeast Spain. All except 2 dogs were healthy; instead, 112 cats had clinical signs. The estimated PCR prevalences (95% confidence interval) were 25% (19–31%) Hepatozoon felis in cats, 13% (6–21%) Hepatozoon canis in dogs, 1% (0–4%) Babesia vogeli in dogs, 0% Babesia spp. in cats and 21% (15–26%) and 44% (33–55%) L. infantum in cats and dogs, respectively, and infections were not associated with each other. Leishmania infantum prevalence in lymphoid tissue was significantly higher in dogs than in cats (p < 0.001), and dogs had higher parasite loads than cats (p = 0.012). Moreover, L. infantum prevalence was significantly higher in the skin and lymphoid tissue compared to blood in infected, asymptomatic animals but it was similar in cats with clinical signs, which also had higher parasite loads compared to infected, asymptomatic cats (p < 0.05). The study highlights significant differences between sympatric dogs and cats with respect to the parasite infections investigated, as well as the need to examine both lymphoid tissue and skin samples to maximise the sensitivity of L. infantum infection diagnosis.
- PublicationOpen AccessComparative analysis of acute-phase protein profiles in cats undergoing ovariectomy: laparoscopic vs. conventional surgery in short time after procedure(MDPI, 2024-11-14) Cuervo, Belén; Satué, Katy; Velasco Martínez, María Gemma; Sopena, Joaquín Jesús; Carrillo, José María; Damiá, Elena Deborah; Chicharro, Deborah; Peláez, Pau; Martins, Emma; García Martínez, Juan Diego; Rubio, Mónica; Medicina y Cirugía AnimalAcute-phase proteins (APPs) are biomarkers of systemic inflammation, which allow monitoring the response to surgery and post-operative complications. Ovariectomy (OVE) can be a useful model to evaluate surgical trauma and inflammation in feline species. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the acute-phase response (APR) after applying two different OVE techniques by measuring serum levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp), total serum proteins (TSPs), albumin (ALB), and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) during the first 48 h post-surgery (hospital stay). Forty-two female cats were selected for elective spaying. The animals were randomly distributed into two groups: laparoscopic OVE (L-OVE) and midline OVE (M-OVE). Serum SAA, Hp, TSPs, ALB, and PON-1 were measured before surgery and 1, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h post-surgery. Unlike negative APPs such as PON-1 and ALB, SAA is the most sensitive positive APP for monitoring the inflammatory response in cats undergoing OVE following laparoscopic and conventional surgery. OVE performed in cats via both laparoscopic and midline techniques results in a significative increase in SAA levels, with early recovery, minor variations in serum total protein, and no significant changes in albumin, haptoglobin, or PON-1 over a 48-h period post-procedure. Based on SAA concentrations, the response to surgical trauma does not differ between surgical techniques.
- PublicationOpen AccessDuodenal microanatomy of the domestic cat. (Felis catus)(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Robert, Henry W.; Al-Bagdadi, F.K.Duodenal samples were taken from similar locations in six cats, processed, stained, and examined via light microscope. There were no prominent circular folds (plicae circulares) or stratum compactum (lamina subglandularis). The 1072 pm X 201 pm villi were covered by 46 pm high columnar epitheliocytes proximally which decreased in height (41 pm) distally and displayed a 1.1 - 1.7 pm striated border. Globular leukocytes, mononuclear cells, and twenty-eight goblet cells (exocrinocytus calciformis) per villus were seen. The intestinal gland (crypt of Lieberkuhn) epithelium was 20 pm tall and had a less distinct striated border. The 515 pm simple straight tubular intestinal gland layer displayed distal branching. Many mitotic figures, 12 goblet cells per gland, and occasional columnar to triangular cells with red cytoplasmic granules were seen. The thickness of the lamina propria mucosa (glandular portion) decreased from proximal to distal (563-465 pm). The lamina muscularis mucosa had two layers and decreased in thickness distally (71-28 pm). The proximal muscularis mucosa was penetrated by the ducts of submucosal (Brunner's, duodenal) glands. The tela submucosa decreased in thickness distally (593-192 pm) and contained submucosal glands with 11.5 - 75 pm lumina for the first 1.5 - 2.5 cm. However, submucosal glands could be found to a distance of 8 cm. The glandular epithelium ranged from 7.5 - 22.5 pm in height. Only one type of secretory cell was observed, with both mucous and serous properties. The tunica muscularis ranged from 190-1425 pm (median thickness of 557 pm) and had two layers.
- PublicationOpen AccessMyelinated Herring bodies in the median eminence of the cat(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1991) Pastor, F.E.; Blazquez, J.L.; Toranzo, D.; Pelaez, B.; Sanchez, A.; Alvarez-Morujo, A.J.; Amat, P.An electron-microscopic study was carried out on the median eminence of cats during post-natal development. From the moment of birth (observations performed 12 hours later) Herring bodies were seen in the fibrillary layer of the median eminence. At 45 days after birth, myelinated nerve fibres could be observed, some of them containing neurosecretory granules. The number of myelinated fibres in the median eminence increased with age and at 90 days some Herring bodies appeared surrounded by myelin sheaths; these mainly contained neurosecretory granules and a few mitochondria.
- PublicationOpen AccessPathological findings in a cat with cryptococcosis and feline immunodeficience virus infection(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1994) Ramos-Vara, J.A.; Ferrer, L.; Visa, J.This report describes the gross, histopathological, imm~~nocytochemi c aaln d electron rnicroscopic findings in a cat with systemic cryptococcosis and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection. Lymphadenopathy and cloudiness of leptomeninges were the major gross findings. Numerous cryptococcal yeasts were found in lymph nodes, brain, and lung, and were less common in the kidney and the eye. The inflammatory reaction varied i n intensity and cell type (mononuclear through granulomatous) depending on the organ involved. Yeasts were mainly within phagocytes as revealed by electron microscopy. Some inflammatory cells were imrnunocytochemicaIly-stained with anti-CD3 antibodies.
- PublicationOpen AccessThe bony nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of big felids and domestic cat: a study using anatomical techniques, computed tomographic images reconstructed in maximum-intensity projection, volume rendering and 3D printing models(MDPI, 2024-09-07) Díaz Martínez, Elena; Arencibia Espinosa, Alberto; Soler Laguía, Marta; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Kilroy, David; García García, María I.; Martínez Gomariz, Francisco; Sánchez Collado, Cayetano; Gil Cano, Francisco; Raduán Jaber, José; Ramírez Zarzosa, Gregorio José; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada; Facultad de VeterinariaThis study aims to develop three-dimensional printing models of the bony nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of big and domestic cats using reconstructed computed tomographic images. This work included an exhaustive study of the osseous nasal anatomy of the domestic cat carried out through dissections, bone trepanations and sectional anatomy. With the use of OsiriX viewer, the DICOM images were postprocessed to obtaining maximum-intensity projection and volume-rendering reconstructions, which allowed for the visualization of the nasal cavity structures and the paranasal sinuses, providing an improvement in the future anatomical studies and diagnosis of pathologies. DICOM images were also processed with AMIRA software to obtain three-dimensional images using semiautomatic segmentation application. These images were then exported using 3D Slicer software for three-dimensional printing. Molds were printed with the Stratasys 3D printer. In human medicine, three-dimensional printing is already of great importance in the clinical field; however, it has not yet been implemented in veterinary medicine and is a technique that will, in the future, in addition to facilitating the anatomical study and diagnosis of diseases, allow for the development of implants that will improve the treatment of pathologies and the survival of big felids.