Browsing by Subject "Fatty acids"
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- PublicationRestrictedAge-related changes in fatty acid profile and locomotor activity rhythms in Nothobranchius korthausae(Elsevier, 2011-08-28) Lucas-Sanchez, A; Almaida Pagán, Pedro Francisco; Madrid, Juan A; Costa, J. de; Mendiola, P; FisiologíaThe life cycle of Nothobranchius korthausae, a Cyprinodontiformes fish, was studied in our laboratory to characterise the ageing process. Some morphological changes, such as spine curvature, skin colour, and fin and eye appearance are described. Growth and survival curves reflected a fast life cycle with rapid initial growth until 4 weeks of age, after which the fish grew more slowly before reaching their final size in week 40. Senescence onset was established at week 48 with a decrease in spawn size and viability and a general decline in the animal's appearance (weight and colouration losses, caudal fin degradation, and cataractogenesis). The fatty acid composition changed with age,with high unsaturation in the adult stage as reflected by a high peroxidation index, a condition that is associated with high susceptibility to oxidative damage if elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production occurs. Senescent fish had an increase in monounsaturated fatty acid proportions and a lower peroxidation index (226.5±19.7 in adults versus 120.2±19.1 in senescent fish, Pb0.05). The circadian system, as reflected by locomotor activity rhythms, showed noticeable changes with age. Twenty-four-week-old fish (adults) had a robust diurnal rhythm that showed a decrease in total activity, an increase in rhythmfragmentation, and a fall in amplitude and regularity with age. Changes were clearly reflected in the Circadian Function Index variations (0.56, 0.47 and 0.25 at 24, 48 and 72 weeks of age, respectively). In conclusion, N. korthausae appears to be a species with appropriate characteristics for ageing studies because it manifests clear signs of progressive ageing. Comparing species of Nothobranchius genus with different lifespans may be useful for increasing our understanding of the ageing process.
- PublicationOpen AccessEvaluación de parámetros de calidad de carne de vacuno ecológico en dos modelos de producción ecológica.(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones + SEAE y SOCLA, 2022) García Torres, Susana; Mesías, Francisco J.; Cabeza, María; Ortiz, Alberto; Tejerina, David; Horcada, Alberto; Sin departamento asociadoLa etiqueta de carne ecológica garantiza a los consumidores el cumplimiento de los requerimientos de producción ecológica, y genera en ellos percepciones positivas y expectativas favorables hacia estos alimentos. Como en cualquier alimento, la experiencia sensorial y el conocimiento de sus características de calidad, resultan importantes para fidelizar al consumidor.El conocimiento sobre la calidad de carne de vacuno ecológico podría resultar en una estrategia para fomentar este alimento. Por ello, se abordó el estudio de características de interés para los consumidores como el perfil lipídico, la terneza y la experiencia sensorial de la carne ecológica de vacuno producida en dos modelos de producción ecológica, a pasto y a pienso.La carne de producción ecológica a pasto, mostró mayor contenido en ácidos grasos poliinsaturados, y aunque inicialmente fue la menos tierna, tras 7 días de maduración, alcanzó el grado de terneza de la carne ecológica a pienso y de convencional. Sensorialmente, los consumidores valoraron mejor la carne ecológica a pastos por su color aunque una vez cocinada, la valoración de los atributos terneza y jugosi-dad, la perjudicaron en la valoración de preferencia global. El estudio de preferencia reveló la importancia del color y el origen de la carne, así como la importancia de la etiqueta de calidad, incluso con una dispo-sición a pagar más por ella.
- PublicationOpen AccessFatty acids profile of Mastigocladus laminosus Cohn ex Kichner isolated from Algerian hot springs as a biofuel feedstock(Elsevier, 2022-05-15) Senoussi, Mohammed Mourad; González Silvera, Daniel; Boutarfa, Soumia; López Jiménez, José Ángel; Aboal Sanjurjo, Marina; Fisiología; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de BiologíaCyanobacterial lipids are considered the feedstock of future sustainable biodiesel production, and extremophiles are usually preferred for biotechnological purposes to ease the cultivation problems. However, thermal springs have been scarcely investigated from a biotechnological perspective. Three strains of Mastigocladus laminosus Cohn ex Kichner were isolated from hot springs in Algeria, and their fatty acid profiles were studied. The content of saturated fatty acids ranged from 55.91% to 59.37%, while monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids ranged from 38.39% to 43.54% and 0.57%–2.25%, respectively. The main fatty acid was palmitic acid (16:0), with values within the 51.41–53.16% range, followed by oleic acid (18:1n-9) with 24.47–36.60%, and minimal quantities of α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3, below 1%) and longchain fatty acids (>C18, below 0.5%). The potential biodiesel fuel properties matched the European biodiesel standards EN 14214 (European Norms) and the American standard ASTM D6751 (American Society for Testing and Materials), and were relatively better than other studied cyanobacteria and vegetable oils. The presented data show the interest of Mastigocladus and probably other thermophilic strains in different biotechnology fields, especially biofuel production.
- PublicationOpen AccessInfluence of aquaculture waste on fatty acid profiles and gonad maturation of wild fish aggregations at fish farms(Elsevier, 2020-02-05) Izquierdo Gómez, David; Sánchez Pérez, Pablo; González Silvera, Daniel; López Jiménez, José Ángel; Martínez López, Francisco Javier; Elbal Leante, María Teresa; Fisiología; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de BiologíaWild fish belonging to four species belonging to different trophic groups were captured at three distances from fish farm facilities: long distance (>5 Km), medium distance (1.5 Km) and close to sea-cages. Flesh, brain, liver and gonads were sampled for fatty acid analysis. Fish aggregated near sea-cages showed accumulation of fatty acids of vegetable origin in the studied tissues, due to surplus feed consumption or via predation of fish that consumed the feed. Gonads accumulated vegetable fatty acids in different manner in the different species, and the species least and most influenced by fish-feeds were selected for gonad histological examination. Results showed an acceleration of the final stages of the oocyte development in fish aggregated near fish farms compared to fish captured at long distance. Differences in oocyte development were more acute in the species which incorporated higher quantities of vegetable fatty acids.
- PublicationOpen AccessLipidomes in cadaveric decomposition and determination of the postmortem interval: a systematic review(MDPI, 2024-01-12) Caballero Moreno, Leticia; Luna, Aurelio; Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Ciencias SociosanitariasLipids are a large group of natural compounds, together with proteins and carbohydrates, and are essential for various processes in the body. After death, the organism’s tissues undergo a series of reactions that generate changes in some molecules, including lipids. This means that determining the lipid change profile can be beneficial in estimating the postmortem interval (PMI). These changes can also help determine burial sites and advance the localization of graves. The aim was to explore and analyze the decomposition process of corpses, focusing on the transformation of lipids, especially triglycerides (TGs) and fatty acids (FAs), and the possible application of these compounds as markers to estimate PMI and detect burial sites. A systematic review of 24 scientific articles from the last 23 years (2000–2023) was conducted. The results show that membrane glycerophospholipids (such as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol, among others) are the most studied, and the most promising results are obtained, with decreasing patterns as PMI varies. Fatty acids (FAs) are also identified as potential biomarkers owing to the variations in their postmortem concentration. An increase in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), such as stearic acid and palmitic acid, and a decrease in unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), such as oleic acid and linoleic acid, were observed. The importance of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in decomposition is also observed. Finally, as for the burial sites, the presence of fatty acids and some sterols in burial areas of animal and human remains can be verified. In conclusion, glycerophospholipids and fatty acids are good markers for estimating PMI. It has been observed that there are still no equations for estimating the PMI that can be applied to forensic practice, as intrinsic and extrinsic factors are seen to play a vital role in the decomposition process. As for determining burial sites, the importance of soil and textile samples has been demonstrated, showing a direct relationship between saturated fatty acids, hydroxy fatty acids, and some sterols with decomposing remains.
- PublicationRestrictedLipidomic analysis reveals alterations in hepatic FA profile associated with MASLD stage in patients with obesity(Oxford University Press, 2024-01-13) Núñez-Sánchez, María Ángeles; Martínez-Sánchez, María Antonia; Martínez-Montoro, José Ignacio; Balaguer-Román, Andrés; Murcia-García, Elena; Fernández Ruiz, Virginia Esperanza; Ferrer Gómez, Mercedes; Martínez Cáceres, Carlos Manuel; Sledzinski, Tomasz; Frutos Bernal, María Dolores; Hernández-Morante, Juan José; Fernández-García, José Carlos; Queipo-Ortuño, María Isabel; Ruiz Alcaraz, Antonio José; Mika, Adriana; Ramos-Molina, Bruno; Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología; Facultad de BiologíaContext. Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by the intracellular lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Excess caloric intake and high-fat diets are considered to significantly contribute to MASLD development. Objective. To evaluate the hepatic and serum fatty acid (FA) composition in patients with different stages of MASLD, and their relationship with FA dietary intake and MASLD-related risk factors. Methods. This was a case–control study in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery at a university hospital between January 2020 and December 2021. Participants were distributed in 3 groups: no MASLD (n = 26), steatotic liver disease (n = 33), and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (n = 32). Hepatic and serum FA levels were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Nutritional status was evaluated using validated food frequency questionnaires. The hepatic expression of genes involved in FA metabolism was analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results. The hepatic, but not serum, FA profiles were significantly altered in patients with MASLD compared with those without MASLD. No differences were observed in FA intake between the groups. Levels of C16:0, C18:1, and the C18:1/C18:0 ratio were higher, while C18:0 levels and C18:0/C16:0 ratio were lower in patients with MASLD, being significantly different between the 3 groups. Hepatic FA levels and ratios correlated with histopathological diagnosis and other MASLD-related parameters. The expression of genes involved in the FA metabolism was upregulated in patients with MASLD. Conclusion. Alterations in hepatic FA levels in MASLD patients were due to enhancement of de novo lipogenesis in the liver.
PublicationRestrictedMembrane fluidity determines sensitivity of filamentous fungi to chitosan(2010) López Jiménez, José Ángel; Palma Guerrero, J.; Pérez Berná, A. J.; Huang, I. C.; Jansson, H.B.; Salinas, J.; Villalaín, J.; Read, N.D.; López Llorca, L. V.; Filosofía- PublicationOpen AccessModulatory effect of inulin with soya isoflavones on plasma lipid profile and liver SCD-18 index in rats with induced type-2 diabetes mellitus(Universidad de Murcia.Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Histiologia, 2019) Misiakiewicz Has, Kamila Daria; Maciejewska, Dominika; Kolasa Wołosiuk, Agnieszka; Pilutin, Anna; Rzeszotek, Sylwia; Wilk, Aleksandra; Szypulska Koziarska, Dagmara; Stachowska, Ewa; Łukomska, Agnieszka; Wiszniewska, BarbaraObesity and type-2 diabetes are often associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Soya isoflavones act as antidiabetic agents and protect against NAFLD. There are data suggesting that inulin may increase the plasma concentration and effect of soya isoflavones. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of soya isoflavones, as opposed to the effect of soya isoflavones with inulin, on plasma lipid profile, liver morphology, and liver fatty acids in rats with induced type-2 diabetes mellitus. Data were collected on thirty-six male Sprague- Dawley rats divided into control and diabetic groups. Animals in the diabetic (DM) group were on a high-fat diet and were injected with low doses of streptozotocin. Animals in the control groups were fed a regular diet and were injected with a buffer. After the injections, the animals were divided into three groups of nondiabetic rats (nDM)-controls (c-nDM), rats treated with isoflavones (IS-nDM), and rats treated with isoflavones plus inulin (IS+IN-nDM)-and three parallel diabetic (DM) subgroups: controls (c-DM), rats treated with isoflavone (IS-DM), and rats treated with isoflavones plus inulin (IS+IN-DM). Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were examined using hematoxylin-eosin staining and Mallory’s trichrome methods respectively. Liver fatty acids were extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography. A lipid blood test was performed. The study showed significant changes in liver fatty acids, liver morphology, and plasma lipid profile. The estimated SCD-18 index significantly decreased in both the control and DM groups after isoflavone supplementation. The level of liver steatosis and fibrosis also decreased after isoflavone supplementation in the DM groups. The plasma lipid profile showed increased levels of HDL-C after isoflavone supplementation in the DM groups. These results support the protective use of isoflavones in liver steatosis and as beneficial to plasma lipid profile in individuals with diabetes. A novelty of this work is its comparison of supplementation using soya isoflavones with supplementation using both soya isoflavones and inulin. Surprisingly, additional supplementation with inulin modulates the positive effect of isoflavones
- PublicationEmbargoPhotoautotrophs and macroinvertebrate trophic relations in calcareous semiarid streams: the role of Cyanobacteria(Elsevier, 2022-06-01) Belando, María Dolores; Ubero Pascal, Nicolás; González-Silvera, Daniel; López-Jiménez, José Ángel; Aboal Sanjurjo, Marina; Zoología y Antropología FísicaPhotoautotrophs and macroinvertebrate trophic relations in Mediterranean streams, especially from semiarid areas, are still poorly known, as is the role of Cyanobacteria, which is the most frequently dominant photoautotroph. To investigate the role of Cyanobacteria as a food resource in these systems, the fatty acid composition of primary and secondary pro- ducers was investigated in two streams on a semiarid climatic gradient between 200 and 500 mm of rainfall in SE Spain. Fatty acid composition of photoautotrophs and macroinvertebrates differed among streams in summer and among sea- sons in each stream. Fatty acid fingerprints show that macroinvertebrates usually fed on the dominant photoautotroph assemblage and that Cyanobacteria represent the main food for all the feeding groups in the Alhárabe stream in winter although filamentous green algae were preferred in summer. Only scrapers consuming Chlorophyta displayed a selective feeding behaviour. The results show the importance of cyanobacteria as food for all collected macroinvertebrates in win- ter in some semiarid streams and confirm that fatty acids can be used as temporal and spatial markers in fluvial systems.
- PublicationOpen AccessThe green microalga Coelastrella thermophila var. globulina (Scenedesmaceae, Chlorophyta) isolated from an Algerian hot spring as a potential source of fatty acids(MDPI, 2022-04-08) Senoussi, Mohammed Mourad; González Silvera, Daniel; Boutarfa, Soumia; López Jiménez, José Ángel; Aboal Sanjurjo, Marina; Fisiología; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de BiologíaScreening microalgae from extreme environments, including hot springs, is an important research topic that has lately emerged. A thermophilic green alga was isolated from a north-eastern Algerian hot spring at a temperature of 63 °C, and its fatty acid (FA) profile was explored. The strain was cultivated in BBM medium at 35 °C in a 16:8 h light/dark cycle and 75 μM photons m−2 s−1. The morphological studies combined with phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate was Coelastrella thermophila var. globulina Q. Wang, H. Song, X. Liu, G. Liu and Z. Hu. The monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content was 51.12%. The saturated fatty acid (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content, respectively, accounted for 27.01% and 21.87%. The main FA was oleic acid (18:1n–9), whose value was 35.95%, followed in decreasing order by palmitic acid (16:0) with 21.45%, linoleic acid (18:2n–6) with 14.38% and α-linolenic acid (18:3n–3) with 04.22%. The FA profile exhibited high total n–6 and n–3 PUFA values (15.80% and 5.76%, respectively). Coelastrella thermophila var. globulina is particularly interesting for producing n-6 and n-3 PUFA and is likely suitable for other biotechnological purposes. This is the first time that this taxon has been reported in hot springs. Other species can be expected to be reported, which emphasises the importance of the biodiversity of extreme habitats.
- PublicationRestrictedTrophic ecology of the sea urchin Spatangus purpureus elucidated from gonad fatty acids composition analysis(2011) López Jiménez, José Ángel; Barberá, C.; Fernández Jover, D.; González Silvera, D.; Hinz, H.; Moranta, J.; Fisiología