DigitalUM :: Browsing by Subject "Exercise"

Browsing by Subject "Exercise"

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Open Access
Advantages of exercise in rehabilitation, treatment and prevention of altered morphological features in knee osteoarthritis. A narrative review
(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2014) Musumeci, Giuseppe; Loreto, Carla; Imbesi, Rosa; Trovato, Francesca Maria; Di Giunta, Angelo; Lombardo, Claudia; Castorina, Sergio; Castrogiovann, Paola
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) represents one of the most common causes of disability in the world. It leads to social, psychological and economic costs with financial consequences, also because a further increase is expected. Different knee OA treatments are usually considered in relation to the stage of the disease, such as surgical management and pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments. Treatment should begin with the safest and least invasive one, before proceeding to more invasive, expensive ones. Non-pharmacologic, behavioral treatments of knee OA are recommended not only in rehabilitation but also in prevention because many risk factors, such as excess weight, obesity and joint tissue inflammation, can be monitored and thus prevented. In the present review, we analyze data from the most recent literature in relation to the effects of physical exercise on prevention, therapy and rehabilitation in knee OA. All data suggest that physical exercise is an effective, economical and accessible tool to everyone, in the treatment and prevention of knee OA. The literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar using appropriate keywords in relation to knee osteoarthritis.
Open Access
Análise comportamental da prática de exercício físico em adultos em contexto de ginásio ao longo de dois anos
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2021) Rodrigues, Filipe; Macedo, Rita; Teixeira, Diogo; Cid, Luís; Monteiro, Diogo
O objetivo deste estudo consistiu em analisar o comportamento dos praticantes de exercício físico ao longo de dois anos, considerando a sua frequência como preditor da frequência futura. Participaram neste estudo 4788 novos praticantes de exercício físico (feminino = 2556) com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e 75 anos. Os acessos aos ginásios e health clubs foi recolhida com recurso aos sistemas eletrónicos dos ginásios. Os dados foram analisados com o recurso a um modelo de equações estruturais e um modelo de mediação em série. Relativamente à taxa de abandono e posteriormente exclusão da análise: 39% abandonaram a prática de exercício físico entre os primeiros seis meses (T1) e os seis meses seguintes (T2); 25% desistiu da prática entre T2 e os seis meses após um ano de prática regular (T3); e 10% abandonaram entre T3 e os seis meses após um ano e meio de prática regular (T4). De acordo com os resultados do modelo de equações estruturais, foram encontrados diversos efeitos diretos e indiretos significativos, sugerindo assim que T2 e T3 poderão ser mediadores entre o T1 e T4. De acordo com os resultados do modelo de mediação é possível observar que o efeito direto não é significativo. Os resultados mostram a existência de mediação total entre o período T1 → T4, dado o efeito indireto total ser significativo e superior ao efeito direto. Os indivíduos que praticam exercício físico pelo menos duas vezes por semana sem interrupção foram aqueles que demonstraram maior probabilidades em se manterem na prática após os dois anos de acompanhamento do comportamento.
Open Access
Are we ready to measure running power? Repeatability and concurrent validity of five commercial technologies
(Wiley, 2021-03) Cerezuela Espejo, Víctor; Hernández Belmonte, Alejandro; Courel Ibáñez, Javier; Conesa Ros, Elena; Mora Rodríguez, Ricardo; García Pallarés, Jesús; Actividad Física y Deporte
Training prescription in running activities have benefited from power output (PW) data obtained by new technologies. Nevertheless, to date, the suitability of PW data provided by these tools is still uncertain. The present study aimed to: (i) analyze the repeatability of five commercially available technologies for running PW estimation, and (ii) examine the concurrent validity through the relationship between each technology PW and oxygen uptake (VO2). On two occasions (test-retest), twelve endurance-trained male athletes performed on a treadmill (indoor) and an athletic track (outdoor) three submaximal running protocols with manipulations in speed, body weight and slope. PW was simultaneously registered by the commercial technologies StrydApp, StrydWatch, RunScribe, GarminRP and PolarV, while VO2 was monitored by a metabolic cart. Test-retest data from the environments (indoor and outdoor) and conditions (speed, body weight and slope) were used for repeatability analysis, which included the standard error of measurement (SEM), coefficient of variation (CV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). A linear regression analysis and the standard error of estimate (SEE) were used to examine the relationship between PW and VO2. Stryd device was found as the most repeatable technology for all environments and conditions (SEM ≤ 12.5 W, CV ≤ 4.3%, ICC ≥ 0.980), besides the best concurrent validity to the VO2 (r ≥ 0.911, SEE ≤ 7.3%). On the contrary, although the PolarV, GarminRP and RunScribe technologies maintain a certain relationship with VO2, their low repeatability questions their suitability. The Stryd can be considered as the most recommended tool, among the analyzed, for PW measurement.
Open Access
Assessing Need Satisfaction and Frustration in Portuguese Exercise Instructors: scale validity, reliabity and invariance between gender
(Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2019) Rodrigues, Filipe Fernandes; Neiva, Henrique Pereira; Marinho, Daniel Almeida; Mendes, Pedro; Teixeira, Diogo Santos; Cid, Luís; Monteiro, Diogo
Objective: The aim of the present study was to validate the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale in Exercise for fitness instructors. Methods: Data from 477 exercise professionals (319 males, 158 females) was collected.Results: CFA supported the adapted and validated six-factor model: [χ2(237) = 1096.796, χ2/df= 4.63; B-S p < .001, CFI = .930, TLI = .918, SRMR= .0366, RMSEA = .079 (CI90% = .069, .089)], assessing satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs in Portuguese exercise professionals. Moreover, the analysis revealed acceptable composite reliability, and construct validity of the adapted version. Results revealed nomological validity, as well as invariance between male and female. No differences were found across latent means, and magnitude effects were trivial between gender. Conclusion: These results support the use of the adapted scale in exercise professionals, showing measurement invariance between gender. This scale is able to measure how exercise professionals experience satisfaction and frustration of basic needs when prescribing exercise to individuals in fitness context.
Open Access
Assessment of dietary patterns, physical activity levels, and sedentary lifestyle in adolescents from an urban high school
(Servicio de Publicaciones. Universidad de Murcia, 2025) Asín-Izquierdo, Iván; Gómez-Carmona, Carlos D.; García-Gimenez, Alejandro; Lecina-Monge, Miguel A.; Sin departamento asociado
This quantitative cross-sectional study evaluated nutritional habits, physical activity levels, and sedentary behaviors in 62 students in 4th grade of secondary education (15.44±0.62 years) from a public high school in Zaragoza, Spain. Results showed that students consumed an average of 1.98±1.42 servings of fruit and 2.05±1.61 servings of vegetables daily, with higher intake of meat (2.00±1.24) than fish (1.00±1.21). Gender differences were found (p<0.05): males consumed more meat while females ate more vegetables and practiced voluntary fasting more frequently. On average, students engaged in physical activity 3.15±2.62 days per week, with males being significantly more active. Screen time was considerable (1.52±0.88 hours TV; 2.73±1.34 video games). Correlations revealed positive associations between physical activity and healthy food consumption (r>0.39), while sedentary behaviors were related to unhealthy foods (r>0.43). These findings suggest the need for specific interventions that promote healthy habits within the school environment.
Open Access
Características de la práctica de actividad física durante pandemia por COVID-19 en profesionistas y sus familias
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de publicaciones, 2021) Enríquez Reyna, María Cristina; Ceballos Gurrola, Oswaldo; Medina Rodríguez, Rosa Elena; Cocca, Armando; Moreno Muciño, Oddete
El objetivo del estudio fue determinar las características de la conducta de actividad física realizada al inicio de la fase 3 de contingencia epidemiológica por COVID-19 en personas mayores de 18 años. Se presenta una investigación cuantitativa, comparativa y transversal. Participaron 2116 profesionistas afiliados en asociaciones de Educación Física y Deporte de Norteamérica, Centro y Sudamérica. Los resultados muestran que los principales motivos para realizar ejercicio fueron la condición física (32.5%), el disfrute o gusto (27.8%) y la apariencia física (16.3%). Más de uno de cada cinco reportó no tener tiempo para realizar ejercicio. Existen diferencias por región y sexo para la realización de actividad física durante el aislamiento social (p < .05). Pese a que las personas reconocen los beneficios del ejercicio para la salud, la salud no es considerada dentro de las principales motivaciones para su realización.
Open Access
Changes in markers of oxidative stress andα-Amylase in saliva of children associated with a tennis competition
(MDPI, 2020-08-28) Giménez Egido, José María; Hernández García, Raquel; Escribano Tortosa, Damián; Martínez Subiela, Silvia; Torres Luque, Gema; Ortega Toro, Enrique; Cerón Madrigal, José Joaquín; Actividad Física y Deporte
The purpose of this paper was to analyze the changes caused by a one-day tennis tournament in biomarkers of oxidative stress and α-amylase in saliva in children. The sample was 20 male active children with the following characteristics: (a) age of players = 9.46 ± 0.66 years; (b) weight = 34.8 ± 6.5 kg; (c) height = 136.0 ± 7.9 cm; (d) mean weekly training tennis = 2.9 ± 1.0 h. The tennis competition ran for one day, with four matches for each player. Data were taken from the average duration per match and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Four biomarkers of antioxidant status: uric acid (AU), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing ability of saliva (FRAS, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) as a biomarker of psychological stress were measured in saliva. The time points were baseline (at home before the tournament), pre-competition (immediately before the first match) and post-match (after each match) measurements. The four biomarkers of antioxidant status showed a similar dynamic with lower values at baseline and a progressive increase during the four matches. Overall one-day tennis competition in children showed a tendency to increase antioxidant biomarkers in saliva. In addition, there was an increase in pre-competition sAA possibly associated with psychological stress. Further studies about the possible physiological implications of these findings should be performed in the future.
Open Access
Comparison of the effects of core stabilization exercises on muscle strength and balance in women and men
(Servicio de Publicaciones. Universidad de Murcia, 2025) Kirantay, Şevval Rümeysa; Günendi, Gizem; Akyüz, Ömer; Sin departamento asociado
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of core stabilization exercises on balance and core muscle strength in healthy male and female individuals and to determine whether these effects differ by gender. The study was conducted at the Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Laboratory of Istanbul Yeni Yüzyıl University. Thirty university students, aged between 18 and 30, voluntarily participated in the study. The participants were divided into two groups: 15 women and 15 men. The static balance of the participants was measured using the Flamingo Balance Test, and their dynamic balance was assessed using the Y-Balance Test. The core muscle strength evaluations were performed using the "Core Muscle Strength and Stability" test, which consists of 9 stages. Both groups were provided with a 6-week core stabilization exercise program, which was applied three days a week. At the end of the study, the final test results of the women and men were compared to examine the effects of core stabilization exercises, which were applied for the same duration and intensity, on balance and muscle strength. The results showed significant differences in the static and dynamic balance measurements in women (p<0.05), while no such difference was observed in men (p>0.05). No significant difference in muscle strength tests was found between women and men (p>0.05). It is important to consider gender-specific differences in the planning and implementation of core stabilization programs.
Open Access
Correlation between levels of physical activity and anxiety and in patients with binge-eating disorder
(Murcia: Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Freire, Andrea da Silva; dos Santos, David; Vaz, Ana; Lima, João Lucas; Murillo-Rodriguez, Eric; Axt, Glaciane; Monteiro, Diogo; Cid, Luis; Machado, Sergio; Telles-Correia, Diogo
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is linked to several psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety disorders. Approximately 50-60% of BED patients are resistant to the traditional treatments available, and thus, strategies supporting the treatment of BED are needed, such as physical activity (PA). It seems to be an interesting strategy to reduce BED and anxiety symptoms.Thus, since PA has a role in reducing BED episodes and improving anxiety symptoms, then more research is needed to clarify the role of PA on BED, as correlations between anxiety-BED and anxiety-PA are established. Therefore, our aim is to examine the relationship between PA and anxiety in patients with BED. Thirty two patients we submitted to psychological and PA questionnaires. A Pearson's correlationcoefficient and a multiple linear regression analysis were performed to relate eating disorder behaviour, anxiety and PA. The correlation coefficients between the dimensions of BED and anxiety were almost all significant (except restriction), positive andmoderate (p<0.001). Thus, the higher the eating disorder values, the higher the anxiety levels (p<0.01). In conclusion, our findings support that PA correlates with anxiety in patients with BED, suggesting that PA may decrease symptoms, such as the appetite, weight and body shape concerns.
Open Access
Development of a Sports Training Program Planning Information System (SIPRENPOL)
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2025) Ibrahim; Manik, Syahputra; Gultom, Siti Rahima; Nurkadri; Widiyanto, Wahyu Eko; Hamsyah, Khairul; Ardiyanto, Syaifullah Yophi; Pavlović, Ratko; Sin departamento asociado
This study aimed to develop a Sports Training Program Planning Information System (SIPRENPOL) to aid sports trainers in the creation of structured and systematic training programs. The study employed a research and development process. The methodologies used followed the research and development framework. The data analysis included both quantitative and qualitative descriptive techniques to assess and ascertain the viability of the created items. The study involved 75 students, with 15 participating in small-scale trials and 60 in large-scale trials, all from the Sports Coaching Education (PKO) program at the Faculty of Sports Science (FIK), Medan State University. Instruments and data gathering methods employ media assessment surveys for subject matter experts, media specialists, and students. The findings indicated that the SIPRENPOL enhanced planning efficiency, transparency, and communication in the administration of training programs. This integration demonstrates the advantageous impacts of information technology on sports management. The system can function as a prototype for more sports, enhancing training efficacy and personal growth. Its successful deployment relies on users' comprehension and preparedness to utilize the technology effectively.
Open Access
Difficulties and motivations for physical exercise in women older than 65 years. A qualitative study
(Universidade de São Paulo (USP), 2018) López Benavente, Yolanda; Arnau Sánchez, José; Ros Sánchez, Tania; Lidón Cerezuela, María Beatriz; Serrano Noguera, Araceli; Medina Abellán, María Dolores; Enfermería; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Enfermería
Objective: to identify difficulties and motivations for the practice of physical exercise in women older than 65 years. Method: qualitative study based on the phenomenological theory, with focus groups and in-depth interviews. The nursing staff selected 15 women by intentional sampling using the following criteria: age, time dedicated to physical exercise, independence, and absence of cognitive impairment and contraindication for this activity. Two focus groups were formed (one of them did physical exercise for less than 150 minutes per week and the other at least 150 minutes per week) in addition to conducting five in-depth interviews. Qualitative analysis of the data was performed through transcription, coding, categorization, and verification of results. Results: the difficulties to start and develop physical exercise were circumscribed to the perception of poor health and lack of free time; both circumstances result from care obligation, being represented as a gender imposition. However, the motivations are related to perception of strength, need for socialization, and perception of autonomy and freedom. Conclusions: the ideological representation of gender determines the women’s decision to exercise. Knowing the meaning and significance that women give to health and their role in the socio-family environment allows nurses to develop relationships and interventions to encourage the practice of physical exercise.
Open Access
Dimensiones de autoeficacia para el ejercicio por tipo de actividad en adultas mayores independientes
(Murcia: Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Enríquez Reyna, María Cristina; Hernández Cortés, Perla Lizeth; Leyva Caro, José Alex; Peche Alejandro, Patricia; Molina Sánchez, Janeth Wendolyne; Moreno Pérez, Norma Elvira
Se propuso analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Autoeficacia para el Ejercicio. Como objetivo secundario, se analiza la asociación de las dimensiones de la escala por tipo de actividad física en adultas mayores independientes de la comunidad. Investigación instrumental y empírica con dos muestras que suman 614 mujeres mayores (M= 70,27 años, DE= 6,3). Las participantes presentan independencia funcional e integridad cognitiva y son asistentes de clubes de adultos mayores del área urbana. Se aplicaron la Escala de Autoeficacia para el Ejercicio y el Cuestionario de Actividad Física de Adultos Mayores. Se utilizaron SPSS versión 21,0 y LISREL 8,80. La adaptación al castellano en esta población presenta cuatro dimensiones con propiedades psicométricas aceptables: estrés, demandas en competencia, influencias externas y el clima. Se presenta modelo de ajuste y propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Autoeficacia para el Ejercicio.
Open Access
Efectividad de la suplementación nutricional con polifenoles sobre el daño muscular y marcadores de estrés oxidativo en diferentes tipos de ejercicios físicos: Una revisión dela literatura
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2022) Donadio, Pedro; Muñoz, Cristobal; Flores-Lucero, Francisca; Garcia-Diaz, Diego F.; Farias-Valenzuela, Claudio; Quezada, Esteban; Poblete-Aro, Carlos
Durante la realización de ejercicio, existe un desbalance redox que aumenta las especies reactivas de oxígeno generando un estrés oxidativo que favorece el daño muscular incidiendo en el rendimiento físico y deportivo. Diferentes suplementos antioxidantes han sido utilizados para optimizar la recuperación muscular posterior a la realización de ejercicio físico. Sin embargo, los efectos de diversos antioxidantes han sido contraproducentes, ya que las especies reactivas de oxígeno generadas por el ejercicio son necesarias para la adaptación muscular y la disminución de éstas,impide la correcta señalización intracelular y con esto,la adaptación del músculo esquelético frente al ejercicio físico. Los polifenoles son un tipo de antioxidantes que están presentes en diversos frutos y extractos de hierbas que poseen diversas características dependiendo de su estructura y composición, presentando algunos una ruta deseñalización celular similar al ejerciciofísico, generando diferentes estímulos a nivel del músculo esquelético, pudiendo reducir el daño oxidativo generado por el ejercicio e incluso, pudiendo potenciar sus efectos. El objetivo de la presente revisión ala literatura es determinar y describir el efecto de diversos polifenoles en el daño muscular y marcadores de estrés oxidativo posterior a diferentes modalidades de ejercicio físico y deportes en adultos.
Open Access
El efecto de la terapia acuática en el plasma y la interleucina-12 y 17 en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple
(Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2019) Nejatpour, Saman; Fathei, Mehrdad; Yaghoubi, Ali
ABSTRACT: Cytokines such as Interleukin 12 (IL-12) and Interleukin 17(IL- 17) influence the function of the immune system and different tissues and are studied due to the role they play in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of aqua-therapy on plasma IL-12 and IL-17 in patients with MS. 25 men with MS were divided into two groups: exercise and control. Blood sample was taken before and after the intervention protocol. The exercise group carried out three exercise sessions per week during eight weeks. The beginning and final parts of each session included warming up and cool down, and were carried out in shallow areas. These activities were designed and implemented by a researcher under the supervision of a sports physiologist and an experienced neurologist. During the training sessions, the first 10 minutes were for warming up, and the last 5 minutes of training were for cool down. Exercise intensity was approxima- tely 75% of heart rate reserve. The data demonstrated that both IL-12 and IL-17 decreased significantly from pre-test to post-test in the exercise group. We conclude that aqua-training may reduce risk factors regarding multiple sclerosis, including IL-12 and IL-17.
Open Access
Efecto del ejercicio cardiovascular sobre el autoconcepto en adultos mayores: ensayo clínico
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2020) Landeros-Olvera, Erick; Gil-Benitez, Joaquín; Sosa-Rodríguez, Claudia; Galicia-Aguilar, Rosa María; Ramírez-Girón, Natalia
Objetivo:Describir el efecto de una dosis de ejercicio gradual y progresiva de bajo impacto cardiovascular sobre el autoconcepto físico en un grupo de adultos mayores.Métodos: Ensayo Clínico Aleatorizado y Controlado con intervención simple ciego en dos grupos equivalentes (experimental y control), bajo un modelo de mediciones repetidas. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 20 sujetos por grupo. Se seleccionaron adultos mayores de 60 a 70 años, de ambos sexos, sin riesgo cardiaco; se excluyeronadultos mayores con patologías que pudieran causar limitaciones en la funcionalidad músculo-esquelética o cardiopulmonar. La intervención consistió en la realización de ejercicio de forma gradual y progresiva, 3 veces por semana durante 10 semanas. El indicador para evaluar el autoconcepto físico fue elInstrumento de Auto descripción (SDQ), con un patrón de respuesta tipo Likert.Resultados: Ingresaron 45 sujetos, grupo control 22 adultos (edad 66.6±6.14) y grupo experimental 23 adultos (edad 67.0±7.19); completaron el programa 38 adultos. En ambos grupos predominaron las mujeres (66.7%), nivel socioeconómico medio (73.3%) y escolaridad básica (44.6%). No existió diferencia significativa entre los grupos antes de la intervención, en contraste, después de la intervención existió diferencia significativa entre grupos, lo que resultó en un incremento del autoconcepto físico en el grupo experimental y un descenso del autoconcepto físico en el grupo control.Conclusión: La intervención de ejercicio controlado, gradual, progresivo y de bajo impacto cardiovascular, de tres sesiones por semana durante 10 semanas probó ser efectiva para aumentar el autoconcepto físico en el grupo experimental de adultos.
Open Access
Efecto del ejercicio terapéutico y la neuromodulación no invasiva en las alteraciones del sueño de las personas con demencia
(Universidad de Murcia, 2024-03-08) Teruel Hernández, Esther del Carmen; Gómez Conesa, Antonia; López Pina, José Antonio; Souto Camba, Sonia; Escuela Internacional de Doctorado
Introducción Los tratamientos farmacológicos para tratar las alteraciones de los procesos fisiológicos relacionados con el marcapasos circadiano en la demencia deben usarse con prudencia, por los posibles efectos secundarios. Por tanto, existe un interés creciente por establecer tratamientos no farmacológicos potenciales que aporten beneficios en la función cognitiva y alteración del sueño, y, por ende, en la calidad de vida propia y de sus cuidadores, así como de conocer la evidencia científica que avale su empleo sistemático de los que se realizan actualmente en este grupo de pacientes para mejorar las alteraciones del sueño. Objetivos 1) Revisar sistemáticamente la literatura sobre la efectividad de los tratamientos no farmacológicos para mejorar el sueño interrumpido de los pacientes diagnosticados con demencia moderada-grave. 2) Comprobar la eficacia del ejercicio terapéutico (ET) y la neuromodulación no invasiva a través del dispositivo Nesa (NN) para mejorar la calidad del sueño, somnolencia diurna y función cognitiva de los pacientes, así como la sobrecarga percibida de sus cuidadores. Metodología Se realizaron dos estudios independientes. 1) Revisión sistemática (RS) (número de registro: CRD42021261214) bajo directrices PRISMA, incluyendo estudios que tenían una muestra de demencia modera-grave, que fueron evaluados en su calidad metodológica. 2) Se llevó a cabo un ensayo clínico aleatorizado y controlado (número de identificación: NCT05715866) en pacientes diagnosticados con demencia procedentes dos asociaciones de Alzheimer de la Región de Murcia, que se asignaron a tres grupos: tratamiento de ET (GET), y NN (GNN), y grupo control (GC). Se realizaron evaluaciones pretest, a los 2, 5 y 7 meses. La calidad del sueño se evaluó utilizando el Índice de Calidad de sueño de Pittsburgh (PSQI), la somnolencia diurna (SD) mediante la Escala de somnolencia de Epworth (ESE), la función cognitiva con el Mini-Examen Cognoscitivo de Lobo (MEC) y la sobrecarga de los cuidadores con la Escala de sobrecarga del cuidador (Zarit). Resultados 1. En la RS se identificación 225 estudios de los cuales 8 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, y dieron lugar a 4 intervenciones no farmacológicas para mejorar los trastornos del sueño en la población con demencia: terapia lumínica, educación del sueño, caminatas diarias y terapia manual. 2. En el segundo estudio, se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas a favor del GET y GNN con respecto al GC en la calidad del sueño (pNN= 0.004; pET= 0.009), somnolencia diurna (pNN<0.001; pET<0.001) y función cognitiva (pNN<0.001; pET<0.001). Los cuidadores no mejoraron la sobrecarga percibida en ninguno de los grupos. No se muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos ET y NN. Conclusiones Según la RS, son pocos los estudios de tratamientos no farmacológicos para mejorar el sueño interrumpido de los pacientes con demencia de moderada a grave. Si bien, cuatro tratamientos tuvieron los resultados positivos: terapia lumínica, educación del sueño, caminatas diarias y terapia manual; sin embargo, el análisis de estos reveló poca claridad sobre esos hallazgos. El ensayo clínico pone de manifiesto que el ET y la NN han resultado efectivos en la mejora de la calidad del sueño, SD y función cognitiva en la población de demencia. Ninguno de los tres grupos de cuidadores mejoró significativamente su sobrecarga percibida después del tratamiento.
Open Access
Efeitos psicológicos da música em praticantes de exercício: Uma revisão sistemática
(Murcia: Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Carraça, Eliana V.
Objetivo: Esta revisãosistemática teve o objetivo de sumariar a evidência existente sobre o efeito da presença de música durante a prática de exercício estruturado na motivação, vitalidade, resposta afetiva ao exercício e perceção subjetiva de esforço, entre outros fatores psicológicos, em praticantes regulares de exercício. Métodos: A pesquisa de artigos publicados até Janeiro de 2018 foi feita em 3 bases de dados (Pubmed, PsycINFO e SPORTDiscus), seguindo o modelo PICO, e complementada manualmente. A seguinte informação foi extraída dos artigos selecionados: tipo de estudo, características da intervenção, música (condição e instrumentos), outcomes (e instrumentos), resultados e qualidade metodológica. Esta última foi avaliada através do Quality Assessment Tool for QuantitativeStudies. Resultados: Foram incluídos 27 artigos. Destes, 4 reportaram efeitos na motivação, 11 na resposta afetiva ao esforço, 22 na perceção subjetiva de esforço e 5 nas componentes motivacionais da música. A presença de música mostrou-se positivamente associada a maiores níveis de motivação (n=3 de 4), a uma resposta afetiva ao exercício aparentemente mais positiva (n=6 de 11), mas na generalidade não se mostrou associada a menores níveis de perceção de esforço (n=14 de 22). Conclusão: Apesar da presençade música aparentar ter um efeito potencialmente positivo no nível de motivação e na resposta afetiva ao esforço, a variabilidade das amostras, dos protocolos de investigação e dos instrumentos utilizados na aferição das variáveis impossibilitam a retirada de conclusões, sublinhando a necessidade de novos estudos sobre esta temática.
Open Access
Effect of combined high-intensity interval training and inspiratory muscle training on pulmonary function and exercise capacity in COPD patients
(Servicio de Publicaciones. Universidad de Murcia, 2025) Ahmed, Ahmed S.; Alrawaili, Saud M.; Ismail, Samah M.; Alahmadi, Fahad H.; Sin departamento asociado
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combined high intensity interval training (HIIT) and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on pulmonary function and exercise capacity in patients COPD. This randomized, controlled trial study involved 100 COPD patients (GOLD stages II and III) aged between 40 and 70 years. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The study group (n=50) underwent 8 weeks combined HIIT and IMT. The HIIT protocol involved four intervals, each lasting 4 minutes, beginning at 70% of maximum power and building to a target intensity of at least 85% HRmax. The IMT sessions included 2-3 sets of 30 breaths (totaling 60-90 breaths per session), with a two-minute rest between sets, three days per week starting with 30% of PImax and reaching 60% of PImax. The control group (n=50) performed an 8-week program of therapeutic education and 30-min self-based cycling or walking. Pulmonary function tests, incremental cycle ergometer tests, 6 min walk tests and inspiratory muscle strength were performed, and dyspnea and Halth-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) were assessed before and after the intervention period. Results indicated that combined HIIT and IMT significantly improved exercise capacity, respiratory muscle strength, dyspnea, and quality of life in patients with COPD (p<0.05). There were no significant changes in pulmonary functions (p>0.05). This study suggests that integrating HIIT with IMT can effectively enhance the overall prognosis of patients with COPD.
Open Access
Effect of stretching, strengthening exercises and walking on the management of restless legs syndrome: A cross sectional study
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2022) El-Gendy, Salwa R.; Alkhateeb, Afnan M.
Background: Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) is one of the most common causes of sleep disorders that cause functional disability in the lower limb. Due to it is self-limiting, it forces the person to seek treatment. Unfortunately, most of the times, it is misdiagnosed by the doctors and even if it is diagnosed, till date there is no guide program or treatment in the physical therapy. There is huge dearth of knowledge regarding benefits of physical therapy in RLS. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of stretching, strengthening exercises as well as walking on RLS symptoms. Also, to find out the impact of muscle strength and flexibility in relation to the severity of RLS symptoms. Methods: An inquiry of 418 questionnaires randomly distributed was done. A total of 20 participants diagnosed with Restless Leg Syndrome were included in the current study. Pre-post assessment was done for range of motion (by goniometer), functional testing of the foot and ankle, RLS rating scale and RLS ordinal scale. Six participants received physical therapy program for a total of 4 weeks. Twenty patients who had one visit to have the measurement were studied for the correlation study. Results: There was a significant correlation between leg muscles flexibility, strength and the severity of the symptoms. Also, there was a highly significant alleviation of symptoms in the other 6 patients. Conclusion: It can be concluded that physical therapy is effective in relieving symptoms of RLS.
Open Access
Effects of aerobic exercises on physical fitness of primary school children
(Servicio de Publicaciones. Universidad de Murcia, 2025) Nguyen, Luc Tri; Nguyen, Hung Manh; Sin departamento asociado
The effects of aerobic exercises on physical fitness in school children have not yet been examined in the context of Vietnam. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of aerobic exercises on physical fitness of primary school children. This study was a controlled trial involving 64 third-grade primary school children, all aged 8 years, from Vinh City, Vietnam. Participants voluntarily took part and were randomly assigned to either the aerobic exercise group (AG) or the control group (CG), with 32 children in each group (16 males and 16 females per group). Five physical fitness tests were conducted: handgrip strength (upper-body strength), 30-second sit-ups (abdominal endurance), standing long jump (leg power), 30-meter sprint (speed), and 4×10 m shuttle run (agility). After eight weeks of intervention, the aerobic exercise group (AG) showed significantly greater improvements than the control group (CG) in upper- and lower-extremity strength, abdominal strength, speed, body control, and endurance (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that aerobic exercise effectively enhances muscular strength, speed, agility, and overall endurance in primary school children.