Browsing by Subject "Economic cycle"

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    Análisis de la segregación ocupacional por género en España y la Unión Europea (2002-2017)
    (Fundación iS+D para la Investigación Social Avanzada, 2019-07-31) López Martínez, María; Nicolás Martínez, Catalina; Riquelme Perea, Prudencio José; Vives Ramírez, Nerea; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Ciencias del Trabajo
    Gender-based employment segregation is a phenomenon that affects the labor market of any territory. Despite the measures taken to eradicate it, it continues to cause inequalities and discrimination. This work has two objectives: 1) to analyze the evolution of occupational segregation according to gender during the period 2002-2017 and 2) to compare the situation of Spain with the European Union average, thus advancing the knowledge of this complex phenomenon. After reviewing the main theoretical contributions and defining the most suitable indicators to quantify employment segregation (especially the dissimilarity index) their empirical analysis is carried out using Eurostat data. The results obtained reveal a cyclical behavior of segregation in Spain, which tends to rise during the expansive phases and to fall in the recessive ones, although it has been interrupted since 2014. This dynamic does not seem to occur in the European Union, which has a lower level than our country; moreover, the gap between Spain and the EU has increased. In this way, Spain has gone from occupying an intermediate position in the EU-28 to being the sixth country with the highest occupational segregation between men and women.
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    Economic and Financial Snapshot of small spanish family firms
    (2019) Terrón Ibáñez, Sara; Gómez-Miranda, María Elena; Miras Rodríguez, María del Mar; Rodríguez Ariza, Lázaro
    The aim of this study is to determine whether there are statistically significant differences between smallSpanish companies according to their family or non-family nature, in terms of their main economic andfinancial indicators. The study data analysed correspond to the years 2003, 2007 and 2013, which enabledus to examine whether the characteristics observed and any differences between these companies persistedduring a period featuring three different economic scenarios. The study sample was composed of 21,192small family firms and 4,449 small non-family firms.The results obtained show that, regardless of the national economic situation, there were statistically sig-nificant differences between the two types of companies for certain economic and financial indicators. Weconclude that the family nature of a company has a negative impact on productivity, the number of employ-ees and levels of investment and turnover. Moreover, family firms face higher costs of external financingthan do non-family businesses.