Browsing by Subject "ELISA"

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    Evaluation of a commercial double-recognition ELISA for caprine tuberculosis diagnosis: sensitivity, specificity, and correlation to macroscopic and microscopic lesions
    (Elsevier, 2022-10-04) Salinas Lorente, Jesús; Del Río, Laura; Buendía Marín, Antonio Julián; Navarro Cámara, José Antonio; Ortega Hernández, Nieves; Sánchez Campillo, Joaquín; Sanidad Animal
    Ante-mortem diagnosis of caprine tuberculosis, as in other ruminant species, is a complex process. Therefore, it is sometimes necessary to apply a combination of methods that increases the sensitivity of diagnosis while maintaining adequate specificity. In the present study, we analysed the use of ELISA based on a double-recognition methodology for the diagnosis of goat tuberculosis. Serum samples from animals with tuberculosis, confirmed by histopathological studies and presence of Ziehl-Neelsen-positive bacteria in the lesions, were used to assess sensitivity. Sera from flocks without tuberculosis were used to assess diagnostic specificity. The relationship between ELISA results and the type of tuberculous lesions, both macroscopic and microscopic, was analysed. The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA test were 69.9% and 97.9%, respectively. Sensitivity was higher in animals with macroscopic lesions, indicating more advanced forms of the disease. Similarly, a higher sensitivity was found in animals with microscopic lesions associated with active tuberculosis, such as cavitary lesions.
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    Measurement of salivary adiponectin concentrations in dogs
    (Wiley , 2014-07-10) Tvarijonaviciute, Asta; Carrillo Sánchez, J. D.; García Martínez, Juan Diego; Tecles Vicente, Fernando; Martínez Subiela, Silvia; German, Alexander J.; Cerón Madrigal, José Joaquín; Medicina y Cirugía Animal; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Veterinaria
    Antecedentes: La medición de adiponectina salival podría mejorar la comprensión de la fisiología de esta adipocina y de su papel en diversas condiciones clínicas. Objetivos: El propósito del estudio fue evaluar la utilidad de un kit ELISA humano para adiponectina en la medición de adiponectina salival en perros, comparar las concentraciones de adiponectina en suero y saliva en una población de perros sanos, y evaluar los posibles efectos de la limpieza dental sobre las concentraciones de adiponectina sérica y salival en perros. Métodos: Para la validación analítica, se determinaron la precisión, exactitud y el límite inferior de cuantificación del ensayo utilizando muestras de saliva. Además, se cuantificaron las concentraciones de adiponectina en muestras de suero y saliva de 24 perros sanos, y de 7 perros con gingivitis leve antes y después de un procedimiento de limpieza dental. Resultados: Los ensayos de validación para adiponectina salival presentaron coeficientes de variación inferiores al 15%, y la recuperación osciló entre el 85% y el 120%. En la prueba de linealidad se observó interferencia al medir adiponectina en saliva, pero esto se resolvió diluyendo las muestras 1:4. En perros sanos, las concentraciones de adiponectina salival y sérica se correlacionaron positivamente (r = 0,650; P = 0,009). Tras el procedimiento de limpieza dental, la concentración de adiponectina salival aumentó el día 0 (P = 0,004), pero a los 14 días las concentraciones fueron inferiores a las registradas antes del procedimiento (P = 0,041). Conclusiones: El kit ELISA humano para adiponectina puede utilizarse para medir con precisión y exactitud la adiponectina salival en perros. La adiponectina salival aumentó 24 horas después de la limpieza dental, posiblemente debido a un proceso inflamatorio agudo o a la filtración de adiponectina desde la sangre tras el traumatismo gingival.
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    Salmonella seroprevalence in wild boar from Southeast Spain depends on host population density
    (Elsevier , 2020-08-01) Ortega Hernández, Nieves; Fanelli, Angela; Serrano, Alfonso; Martínez-Carrasco Pleite, Carlos; Escribano, Fernando; Tizzani, Paolo; Candela, Monica G.; Sanidad Animal; Facultad de Veterinaria
    Salmonellosis is the second most prevalent zoonosis in Europe and it has considerable economic and health implications for its monitoring and control as well as being among the most prevalent pathogens on livestock farms. The wild boar (Sus scrofa) has been identified as a competent host and spreader of Salmonella spp. There has been a significant increase in wild boar population in Europe in recent decades, and it is even present in urban areas. This study evaluates the spatial distribution of the seroprevalence of Salmonella spp. in wild boar from Murcia (Southeast Spain) and its relationship with host-related risk factors (sex, age, location and density). The presence of antibodies against S. Typhimurium and Choleraesuis in 269 serum of wild boars hunted in Murcia between 2015 and 2019 were analyzed using a commercial ELISA test (PrioCHECK porcine Salmonella kit). The seroprevalence were spatially distributed using Kernel function, and wild boar density using Gaussian kernel estimates (spatialEco version 1.1.1). The risk function was estimated as the ratio between the intensity of positive samples and the wild boar density The overall seroprevalence was 19.3% (IC95% 16.9–21.8), showing a significant spatial aggregation. The highest seroprevalence detected was 51.8% (IC95% 42.2–61.5) in a specific area with high risk of infection (76–100%) and was related to the wild boar density. Only marginal differences were detected for sex and age. The use of ELISA combined with QGIS (version 3.6.0) has allowed the identification of areas of Salmonella occurrence associated with high density as risk factor.
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    Serological and molecular survey of canine distemper virus in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes): exploring cut-off values and the use of protein A in ELISA tests
    (Elsevier, 2023-11-10) Muñoz Hernández, Clara; Wipf, A.; Ortega Hernández, Nieves; Barberá, Gonzalo G.; Salinas Lorente, Jesús; Gonzálvez Juan, Moisés; Martínez-Carrasco Pleite, Carlos; González Candela, Mónica; Sanidad Animal; Facultad de Veterinaria
    The wide distribution and ecological plasticity of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) make it a potential reservoir for many infectious diseases shared with domestic and wild carnivores. One of such diseases is canine distemper, which is caused by an RNA virus and its main domestic reservoir is the dog. However, other carnivores can also participate in its maintenance, as shown by the recent upsurge of reported cases in wildlife in many parts of the world, and by the fact that red foxes may act as true reservoirs for canine distemper virus (CDV). The lack of validated serological tests for wildlife or other non-target species may be a handicap for monitoring this virus. In this study, serological assays were compared in 147 red fox sera using a commercial ELISA validated for its use in dogs and a non-specific modified ELISA with Protein A peroxidase conjugate to detect bound antibodies. In addition, the presence of CDV RNA in brain, spleen, lung, and liver samples from 144 foxes was investigated by a RT-qPCR. Through the comparison of the results of both ELISAs and the use of a finite mixture model of the optical density values obtained by both techniques, we adjusted the cut-off point of the commercial ELISA to obtain the seroprevalence in foxes. The overall seroprevalence detected was 53.7% (79/147) and 57.1% (84/147) by the commercial and modified ELISA, respectively, with a moderate agreement according to Cohen’s Kappa statistic (κ = 0.491, z = 5.97, p < 0.0001). CDV RNA was detected in 30 out of 144 foxes, which resulted in 20.8% of CDV-infected foxes. At individual level, the results obtained by relating the serological status and the presence/absence of RNA in different organs were explained in terms of the pathogenesis of the infection. Our results highlight the convenience of adjusting the cut-off point when using an ELISA assay developed in domestic dogs for its use in foxes. Moreover, Protein A is confirmed to be a good alternative to be used in red foxes, presenting a good reactivity towards its IgG.
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    Seronegativity of Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) against Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum is consistent with eco-epidemiological and environmental features in Mediterranean mountainous areas
    (Elsevier, 2025-01-07) Cano Manuel, Alejandro; Granados, José Enrique; Álvarez García, Gema; Huertas López, Ana; Diezma Díaz, Carlos; Cano Manuel, Francisco Javier; Ortega Mora, Luis Miguel; Fandos, Paulino; Mentaberre, Gregorio; López Olvera, Jorge Ramón; Martínez-Carrasco Pleite, Carlos; Sanidad Animal; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Veterinaria