Browsing by Subject "Docosahexaenoic acid "

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    Child head circumference and placental MFSD2a expression are associated to the level of MFSD2a in maternal blood during pregnancy
    (Frontiers Media, 2020-02-05) Sánchez-Campillo, María; Ruiz-Palacios, María; Ruiz Alcaraz, Antonio José; Blanco Carnero, José Eliseo; Prieto Sánchez, María Teresa; Zornoza, Matilde; Ruiz-Pastor, María José; Demmelmair, Hans; Sánchez-Solís de Querol, Manuel; Koletzko, Berthold; Larqué Daza, Elvira; Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología; Facultad de Biología
    Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a world-wide health challenge, which prevalence is expected to increase in parallel to the epidemic of obesity. Children born from GDM mothers have lower levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in cord blood, which might influence their neurodevelopment. Recently, the membrane transporter Major Family Super Domain 2a (MFSD2a) was associated with the selective transportation of DHA as lysophospholipids. The expression of the DHA membrane transporter MFSD2a is lower in GDM placentas, which could affect materno-fetal DHA transport. Humans with homozygous inactivating mutations in the MFSD2a gene present severe microcephalyand intellectual impairments. Herein, we intended to identify early blood biomarkers that maybeofuse during pregnancy to monitor the offspring development and the adequate nutritional interventions, such as nutritional supplementation, that may be selected to improve it. We evaluated MFSD2a expression in maternal blood at the third trimester of pregnancy, and its potential relationship with the expression of placental MFSD2a at delivery and child outcomes. Three groups of pregnant women were recruited: 25 controls, 23 GDM with dietary treatment, and 20 GDM with insulin treatment. Maternal and neonatal anthropometric and biochemical parameters were evaluated. MFSD2a was analyzed in placenta, blood and serum. MFSD2a protein expression in maternal blood was significantly lower in GDM groups and correlated with placental MFSD2a and Z-score neonatal head circumference during the first 6 months of life. The cord/maternal serum ratio of DHA, a solid indicator of materno-fetal DHA transport, was reduced in GDMgroups and correlated with MFSD2a in maternal blood at the third trimester and in placenta at delivery. This indicates that altered MFSD2a levels in maternal blood during pregnancy might influence placental nutrient transport and fetal neurodevelopment. Furthermore, MFSD2a levels in maternal blood on the third trimester were inversely correlated to DHA in maternal serum lyso-PL. Thus, the level of MFSD2a in maternal blood could be used as a potential biomarker for the early detection of disturbances of MFSD2a expression during pregnancy and the subsequent consequences for the neurodevelopment of the child, as well as it may help to choose the optimal treatment approach for the affected subjects.
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    Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation during pregnancy as phospholipids or triglycerides produces different placental uptake but similar fetal brain accretion in neonatal piglets
    (CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2017-11-23) Gázquez, Antonio; Ruíz-Palacios, María; Larqué Daza, Elvira; Fisiología
    The great variety of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid sources raises the question of the most adequate for using as a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplement during pregnancy. Placental and fetal availability of different DHA sources remains unclear. We investigated DHA availability in maternal lipoproteins, placenta and fetal tissues in pregnant sows fed DHA as phospholipid (PL) or triglyceride (TG) to identify the best DHA source during this period. Pregnant Iberian sows were fed with diets containing 0.8% DHA of total fatty acids as PL from egg yolk or TG from algae oil during the last third of gestation (40 days). Maternal tissues, placentas and fetal tissues were obtained at delivery and DHA quantified by gas-chromatography. MFSD2a carrier expression was analysed in both placenta and fetal brain by western blotting. Sows fed DHA-PL diet showed higher DHA incorporation in plasma LDL but not in plasma total lipids. No differences were found in DHA content between groups in maternal liver, adipose tissue or brain. Placental tissue incorporated more DHA in both total lipids and PL fraction in sows fed DHA-PL. However, this did not lead to an enhanced DHA accretion either in fetal plasma, fetal liver or fetal brain. MFSD2a expression was similar between both experimental groups. Maternal DHA supplementation during pregnancy in sow either as PL or TG produces similar DHA accretion in fetal tissues but not in placenta. Both fat sources are equally available for fetal brain.
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    Is low docosahexaenoic acid associated with disturbed rhythms and neurodevelopment in offsprings of diabetic mothers?
    ( Springer Nature , 2014-06-11) Zorzona Moreno, M.; Fuentes Hernández, S.; Carrión, V.; Alcántara López, María Vicenta; López Soler, Concepción; Larqué Daza, Elvira; Madrid Pérez, Juan Antonio; Sánchez-Solís de Querol, Manuel; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia
    BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relation between docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) status and neurodevelopment in the offsprings of gestational diabetic mothers (ODMs). SUBJECTS/METHODS: A prospective cohort study was performed. The offspring of 63 pregnant women (23 controls, 21 diet-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 19 insulin-treated GDM) were recruited. Maternal and venous cord plasma DHA percentages were analyzed. Skin temperature and activity in children were recorded for 72 h at 3 and 6 months of life. Neurodevelopment was assessed using the Bayley Scale of Infant Development II (BSID II) at 6 and 12 months of age. RESULTS: Cord plasma DHA percentage was significantly lower in the ODMs compared with that in the controls (Control 6.43 [5.04–7.82]a; GDM+diet 5.65 [4.44–6.86]ab; GDM+insulin 5.53 [4.45–6.61]b). Both mental (Control 102.71 [97.61–107.81]a; GDM+diet100.39 [91.43–109.35]a; GDM+insulin 93.94 [88.31–99.57]b) and psychomotor (Control 91.52 [81.82–101.22]a; GDM+diet 81.67[73.95–89.39]b; GDM+insulin 81.89 [71.96–91.85]b) scores evaluated by the BSID II were significantly lower at 6 months in ODMs, even after adjusting for confounding factors such as breastfeeding, maternal educational level and gender. Cord plasma DHA percentage correlated with the psychomotor score from BSID II (r = 0.27; P = 0.049) and with the intra-daily variability in activity (r = − 0.24; P = 0.043) at 6 months. Maternal DHA was correlated with several sleep rhythm maturation parameters at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Lower DHA levels in cord plasma of ODMs could affect their neurodevelopment. Maternal DHA status was also associated with higher values in the sleep rhythm maturation parameters of children.
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    Roles of selenoprotein antioxidant protection in zebrafish, Danio rerio, subjected to dietary oxidative stress
    (Springer, 2015-03-07) Betancor, M B; Almaida Pagán, Pedro Francisco; Spreague, M; Hernandez, A; Tocher, D R; Fisiología
    In vertebrates, selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for vertebrates that is involved in antioxidant protection and thyroid hormone regulation among other roles and functions through its incorporation into proteins, the selenoproteins. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are essential nutrients for fish although high dietary levels may lead to increased oxidative stress due to the high degree of unsaturation. The present study investigated the effects of Se supplementation on zebrafish, Danio rerio, oxidative status together with selenoprotein expression profiles when subjected to a high-DHA diet. Fish were fed for 8 weeks with one of the four experimental diets, containing high or low-DHA in combination with or without organic Se (7 mg/kg). Fish performance, Se content, fatty acid composition and TBARS of zebrafish were determined, as well as gene expression of selected selenoproteins in liver and muscle. The Se levels in whole fish reflected dietary content. High dietary DHA increased oxidative stress as indicated by reduced growth and high TBARS content, although Se supplementation reduced oxidation. The expression patterns of selenoproteins varied between liver and muscle with only deiodinase type II displaying a transcriptional response when high dietary Se was supplied. High dietary DHA decreased selenoprotein expression in muscle and sps2 expression in liver regardless of the dietary Se content. These data suggest that oxidative stress protection associated with a high dietary intake of Se may not be solely mediated by transcriptional changes in teleost selenoprotein expression.
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    Supplementation with a highly concentrated docosahexaenoic acid plus xanthophyll carotenoid multivitamin in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy: prospective controlled study of macular function by fundus microperimetry
    (Taylor and Francis Group, 2018-05-28) Rodríguez González-Herrero, María Elena; Ruiz, Marcos; López Román, Francisco Javier; Marín Sánchez, José María; Domingo, Joan Carles; Oftalmología, Optometría, Otorrinolaringología y Anatomía Patológica
    Objective: There is little evidence of real-life outcomes of dietary supplementation with high-dose docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and carotenoids in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR). We assessed the effect of supplementation with DHA triglyceride (1,050 mg/d) + xanthophyll carotenoid multivitamin on macular function in nonproliferative DR. Methods: Asymptomatic patients with nonproliferative DR were included in a prospective controlled study and assigned (1:1) to the DHA supplementation group or the control group. Macular sensitivity and macular integrity area were the main outcome measures. Functional vision measures (macular function [MAIA™ CenterVue], best-corrected visual acuity), structural retinal measures (central subfield macular thickness), and biochemical parameters (plasma total antioxidant capacity, DHA content of the erythrocyte membrane, and plasma IL-6) were evaluated at baseline and after 45 and 90 days of DHA supplementation. Results: The study included 24 patients (48 eyes) (12 patients, 24 eyes in each group). Baseline clinical characteristics of patients in both groups were similar. Macular sensitivity increased from a mean (SD) of 25.9 (2.4) dB at baseline to 27.3 (2.3) dB at 90 days (P=0.030) in the DHA group only (between-group differences P,0.19). The macular integrity index decreased from 71.2 (33.2) at baseline to 63.5 (36.4) at 45 days and to 51.6 (35.9) at 90 days (P=0.002) in the DHA group only (between-group differences P,0.05). Best-corrected visual acuity and central subfield macular thickness did not vary significantly in any of the comparisons and in none of the groups. DHA content of erythrocyte membrane and total antioxidant capacity levels increased significantly only in the DHA group. Plasma IL-6 levels decreased significantly only in the DHA group. Conclusion: In an early stage of DR, supplementation with high-dose DHA plus xanthophyll carotenoid multivitamin during 90 days was associated with a progressive and significant improvement of macular function measured by microperimetry. Biochemical changes supported the effect of DHA.