Browsing by Subject "Determinants"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Algunos Determinantes de la Información Medioambiental Divulgada por las Empresas Españolas Cotizadas
    (2001) Archel Domench, Pablo; Lizarraga Dallo, Fermín
    La creciente atención que los problemas medioambientales suscitan entre un amplio sector de la sociedad, está produciendo una reacción en las empresas tanto por lo que a la adopción de sistemas de gestión medioambiental respecta como en el incremento de información medioambiental comunicada al exterior. A partir de los informes anuales de una muestra de 56 empresas correspondientes al periodo 1995-1998, el presente trabajo investiga algunos factores determinantes de las empresas que divulgan este tipo de información. Para ello, se procede a la estimación de un modelo de regresión lineal de un índice de información medioambiental sobre tres grupos de variables independientes. Los resultados obtenidos, coincidentes con los de la mayoría de estudios llevados a cabo al respecto, señalan que el tamaño, junto con la pertenencia a sectores específicos, resultan las variables más asociadas con el índice, mientras que no aparece relación alguna en el grupo de variables representativas de la evolución financiera de la compañía.
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    Análisis del abandono educativo temprano en España: condicionantes del abandono y motivos para regresar al sistema educativo
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Gutiérrez de Rozas, Belén; López Martín, Esther; Elvira Carpintero Molina, Elvira
    La importancia de comprender el abandono educativo temprano en profundidad, considerando los condicionantes del abandono y los motivos para regresar al sistema educativo, es manifiesta. Sin embargo, los estudios centrados tanto en el análisis de las relaciones existentes entre los condicionantes como en los motivos de retorno al sistema educativo son escasos. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo profundizar en la comprensión de los condicionantes del abandono educativo temprano y en las motivaciones para la vuelta al sistema educativo, prestando especial atención a las relaciones existentes entre ambos aspectos. Con este fin, se diseña, valida y aplica un cuestionario a una muestra de 478 sujetos matriculados o graduados en Educación Secundaria para Personas Adultas. Los resultados evidencian cómo los factores escolares son los principales condicionantes del abandono educativo temprano, seguidos de los personales y, por último, de los familiares. Además, se observan interrelaciones entre las diferentes variables analizadas, destacando las existentes entre los factores personales y escolares, así como la influencia de ciertos condicionantes personales y familiares del abandono educativo temprano sobre los motivos de retorno. Los resultados obtenidos pretenden contribuir tanto a la reducción de los condicionantes del abandono como a la potenciación de los aspectos que conducen al alumnado a seguir estudiando
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    Determinants of Evidence Implementation by Nurses: #Evidencer Model for the Use of Evidence-Based Practice (#EvidencerMUSEBP)—A Structural Equation Model
    (2024-02-28) Ruzafa-Martinez, Maria; Fernández-Salazar, Serafín; Leal-Costa, César; Ramos-Morcillo, Antonio Jesús; Enfermería
    Existing studies have identified specific factors influencing some dimensions of evidence-based practice (EBP) competence and use. However, the way these factors interact still needs to be clarified. The purpose of the study was to test a model based on the Determinant Frameworks that explain the relationships and the direct pathways between the characteristics of the nurses, the context, and the implementation strategies and the dimensions of EBP competence, attitude, knowledge, skills, and use of EBP. A cross-sectional study was carried out in Spain during January and February 2020, involving 2,370 nurses employed in public health centers across all autonomous communities within the National Health System. An online survey was administered to gather data, addressing various topics related to the nurses’ characteristics, the context in which they worked, the implementation strategy, and their competence in evidence-based practice (EBP). As depicted in the conceptual framework, a structural equation model was constructed to test the hypothesized relationships among key study variables. The model obtained showed a good fit (χ2/df = 3.20, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.030 [90% CI 0.025, 0.036]; CFI = 0.989; GFI = 0.990; TLI = 0.983). The context, more specifically, the dimensions of nurse participation in the center’s affairs, nursing foundations for quality of care, nurse manager ability leadership and support of nurses, and implementation strategy have a direct and positive effect on EBP use. Training in EBP, reading scientific articles, and having a doctorate are associated with higher competence and knowledge in EBP. The final fit shows the #Evidencer model for the use of EBP (#EvidencerMUSEBP) with two main components: the contextual and strategic factors that influence the implementation of EBP and the characteristics of the professionals, such as their training and reading of articles, which have an impact on EBP competence. This model could guide healthcare organizations in proposing comprehensive interventions to improve EBP use and the competency of nurses.
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    Determinants of nutritional differences in mediterranean rural Spain, 1840-1965 birth cohorts: a comparison between irrigated and dry farming agriculture
    (Cambridge University Press, 2022-05-05) Ayuda, María-Isabel; Puche, Javier; Martínez Carrión, José Miguel; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Economía y Empresa
    Anthropometric studies have given much attention to the impact of industrialization and urbanization on the biological standards of living of urban populations. Instead, we know less about the evolution of height and the disparities within the rural world and how they have changed during the modern economic growth process. This article analyzes the evolution and the determining factors that would explain the inequality of the biological welfare of a group of rural populations in Mediterranean Spain. Using a database of the heights of military conscripts (N = 146,041) of the study area, a comparison is made of the biological well-being of the cohorts born between 1840 and 1965 in different rural environments (irrigated vs. dry farming). The results show that the recruits residing in irrigated areas were taller than those in dry farming areas and that the nutritional differences were greater among the latter. The advantage of the heights in irrigated areas widened with the development of commercial agriculture at the end of the nineteenth century and, although it began to reduce from the early decades of the twentieth century, the anthropometric gap persisted throughout the period analyzed. The data also suggest that the distribution of income was also more unequal in the dry farming areas, where the diet was less varied and rich than in the irrigated areas. This situation could be largely explained by the existence of low productivity agriculture in these dry farming areas, among other possible factors.