Browsing by Subject "Denosumab"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Giant cell tumor of bone: An update, including spectrum of pathological features, pathogenesis, molecular profile and the differential diagnoses
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2023) Rekhi, Bharat; Dave, Vinayak
    Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is an enigmatic tumor. Despite its benign histological appearance and clinical behavior in most cases, it is associated with recurrences, uncommonly metastasis, and rarely with a malignant transformation. During the last few years, there has been a significant evolution in the diagnosis and management of GCTB, including discoveries related to the underlying pathogenesis (RANK/RANK/OPG pathway), with treatment-related implications in the form of denosumab (approved inhibitor for targeting RANKL), leading to improved surgical resections, especially in cases of recurrent, large and borderline resectable tumors. Lately, a specific Histone mutation, namely H3.3G34W underlying almost all GCTBs has been discovered, further leading to the identification of a highly sensitive and specific immunohistochemical antibody marker, H3.3G34W, which is very useful for an exact diagnosis of a GCTB, including its differentiation from its various mimics, which has significant implications. This review describes clinicopathological features of a GCTB, including its variable features, recent concepts, underlying pathogenesis, post-denosumab related changes and various entities that constitute its differential diagnosis, including their molecular signatures, with treatment-related implications
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    Intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma associated with denosumab-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw
    (MDPI, 2021-08-20) Bacián Martínez, Sandra; Navarro Cuéllar, Carlos; Navarro Vila, Carlos; Palacios Weiss, Edurne; Pujol Romanyá, Roser; Amo Fernández de Velasco, Álvaro del; Escrig de Teijeiro, Margarita; Castillo Pardo de Vera, josé Luis del; Rodríguez Pérez, Irene; Sánchez Pérez, Arturo Joaquín; Zamorano-León, José J.; López-Farré, Antonio; García-Hidalgo Alonso, María Isabel; Navarro Cuéllar, Ignacio; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina Física; Facultad de Medicina
    Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has been associated with the use of different drugs administered in the treatment of malignant neoplasms or metastases and in antiresorptive therapies. Since 2010, denosumab, a monoclonal antibody whose mechanism of action is to prevent the activation of the RANK receptor on the surface of osteoclasts, has been associated with osteonecrosis of the jaw. Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (PIOSCC) is a rare neoplasm characterised by the presence of squamous cells within the maxillary or mandibular bone without an initial clinical association with the oral mucosa. We present a case of a PIOSCC in an osteonecrosis of the jaw related to a patient who received antiresorptive treatment with denosumab outlining the clinical and histopathological features of MRONJ and PIOSCC.
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    Treatment of stage 2 medication-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw: a case series
    (MDPI, 2021-01-24) Martínez, Yanet; Pardo Zamora, Guillermo; Moreno Rodríguez, José Antonio; Ortiz Ruiz, Antonio José; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina Física
    Medication-induced jaw osteonecrosis (MRONJ) is a rare and serious disease with a negative impact on patients’ quality of life, whose exact cause remains unclear and which may have a multifactorial origin. Although there are different therapeutic protocols, there is still no consensus. This case series evaluated three patients diagnosed with staged 2 MRONJ treated at the University of Murcia dental clinic according to the protocols described by the Spanish Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Within 12 months of the application of therapeutic protocols, the lesions were completely healed in all cases. Radiography showed slow but progressive healing with normal bone structure. Conservative treatment with antibiotics, chlorhexidine rinses and minimally invasive surgical intervention with necrotic bone resection is effective in treating stage 2 of MRONJ. In cases of refractory osteonecrosis, the application of platelet and leukocyte-rich fibrin (PRF-L) in the surgical approach improves the outcome in soft tissue healing and bone regeneration but further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.