Browsing by Subject "Clustering"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Análisis por conglomerados
    (Universidad de Murcia. Facultad de Medicina, 2026) Timón Pèrez, Isabel María; Ciencias Sociosanitarias; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Medicina
    Material docente orientado a la introducción y aplicación del análisis por conglomerados. Incluye fundamentos teóricos, descripción de métodos, criterios para la selección del número de clusters y ejemplos prácticos mediante SPSS. Dirigido a estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud con enfoque aplicado al análisis de datos.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Embargo
    High educational attainment redresses the effect of occupational social class on health-related lifestyle: findings from four Spanish national health surveys
    (Elsevier, 2021-02-25) Moreno-Llamas, Antonio; García Mayor, Jesús; Cruz Sánchez, Ernesto de la; Actividad Física y Deporte
    Purpose: Social determinants as occupational social class or educational attainment might influence health outcomes. This phenomenon is known as the social gradient of health and is related to a skewed distribution of health behaviours that might explain differences in morbidity and mortality between social groups. But social class and educational attainment differ in their nature and might have distinct effects on health. Here we study the combined effect of educational attainment and occupational social class on health-related lifestyle. Methods: We retrieved data from four large-scale, national representative Spanish surveys (n = 67,171). A latent class regression analysis was run to identify clusters of health-related lifestyle behaviours. Clusters were made according to sociodemographic factors, including a combined analysis of education and occupational social class. Results: Higher educational attainment and occupational social class were associated with a healthier lifestyle for both sexes. The combined analysis of education and social class indicated that women with secondary education showed a high risk combination of unhealthy behaviours, as men with middle, primary or no education. Conclusions: Regardless of social class, a higher educational attainment redresses the effect of occupational social class on health-related behaviours. Our results suggest that education likely plays a crucial role in population health outcomes through its effects on lifestyle.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Joining the UN global compact in Spain: an institutional approach
    (2012) Garayar Erro, Ainhoa; Calvo Sánchez, José Antonio
    The aim of this study is to analyse the incentives for Spanish organisations that have adopted a voluntary code of conduct such as the United Nations Global Compact – GC. In the light of the sociological approach of neoinstitutional theory, we sought to determine the main isomorphic processes that result from joining the GC and factors of the institutional field that might undermine the legitimacy of organisations participating in this voluntary initiative. On the one hand, the main results, while not conclusive, showed that Spanish participants in the GC have more than one reason for joining the initiative. The study’s findings suggest that both institutional processes of mimetic isomorphism and normative isomorphism explain participation in the GC, which emphasizes the improvement in employee satisfaction, an improvement in customer satisfaction and also the fact of being part of sustainable development efforts. On the other hand, it can be asserted that the respondent organisations do not perceive major threats from the institutional environment that might undermine the legitimacy gained by joining the GC. Nonetheless, the Spanish organisations participating in the GC highlight the fact that the main institutional factor that might undermine the organization’s legitimacy is weak governance and corruption.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Lectin activities of cytokines and growth factors: function and implications for pathology
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1996) Zanetta, J.P.; Scior, T.; Wantyghem, J.; Wermuth, C.; Aubery, M.; Strecker, G.; Michalski, J.C.
    The discovery that certain cytokines have carbohydrate-binding (lectin) properties opens new concepts in the understanding of their mechanism of action. The carbohydrate-recognition domain, which is localized opposite to the receptor-binding domain, makes these molecules bi-functional. The expression of the biological activity of the cytokine relies on its carbohydrate-binding activity which allows the association of the cytokine receptor with molecular complexes comprising the specific kinase involved in receptor phosphorylation and in specific signal transduction. It is expected that blood accumulation of free or membrane-bound glycan ligands of cytokines may dramatically perturb their endogenous function inducing specific immunodeficiencies.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Verbal fluency in school-aged Spanish children: analysis of clustering and switching organizational strategies, employing different semantic categories and letters
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2021) Sánchez López, María del Pino; Román Lapuente, Francisco; García Rubio, María J.
    La tarea de fluidez verbal (FV) es una medida de la flexibilidad cognitiva y la estrategia de búsqueda dentro del léxico y el tema semántico. En este trabajo, se probó el uso de estrategias organizativas, es decir, agrupación y cambio en la fluidez semántica y fonológica en niños españoles sanos divididos en dos grupos: el grupo 1 de niños más pequeños (de 8 a 9 años) y el grupo 2 de niños mayores (de 10 años de edad) –11) introducción de diferentes letras (F, A, S y P, M, R) y categorías semánticas (animales y comidas o bebidas). La fluidez semántica fue mayor que la fluidez fonológica en ambos grupos de edad. Además, los niños mayores mostraron un mejor desempeño de ambas fluencias que los niños más pequeños específicamente para el grupo de letras FAS, la letra M y todas las categorías semánticas utilizadas. A partir de los análisis fonológicos, los niños más pequeños evocaron más palabras con el grupo de letras PMR que con el grupo FAS. Además, solo se observó una mejora en la fluidez semántica asociada con la categoría del animal frente a las comidas y bebidas en el grupo de niños más pequeños. Con respecto a las estrategias organizativas, los niños mayores usaron más interruptores específicamente en el grupo FAS y más grupos para la categoría de comidas o bebidas en comparación con el grupo de niños mayores. Para finalizar, las relaciones entre el número de palabras evocadas y el número de clústeres y conmutadores para ambas tareas de FV fueron significativas y positivas. Estos datos sugieren que el tipo de letra y la categoría semántica empleada en la evaluación de FV modulan el rendimiento de fluidez verbal en ambos grupos de edad.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    What drives industrial energy prices?
    (Elsevier, 2023-03) Camacho, Maximo; Caro, Angela; Peña, Daniel; Métodos Cuantitativos para la Economía y la Empresa
    Understanding whether the drivers of industrial energy prices are worldwide, group-specific or country-specific is a key issue in economics. This requires flexible econometric models to examine large data sets containing a significant variety of industrial sectors in different countries. To this end, we propose an extension of a dynamic factor model with group structure to account for observable country-specific explanatory variables and develop Monte Carlo simulations to show its good finite sample performance. Using data from 12 industrial sectors in 30 countries during the period from 1995 to 2015, we find three drivers of energy prices: (i) a common factor, the main driving force, captures the worldwide dynamics; (ii) country-specific variables, mainly related to inflation and the use of renewable and waste resources; and (iii) group-specific factors, which are more related to country affiliation than to sector classification.