Browsing by Subject "Addiction"

Now showing 1 - 15 of 15
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    Adicción a las redes sociales y la procrastinación académica en adolescentes peruanos en tiempos de coronavirus Covid-19
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2022) Yana Salluca, Marisol; Adco Valeriano, Diana Yaneth; Alanoca Gutierrez, Rebeca; Casa-Coila, Manuela Daishy
    El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre la adicción a las redes sociales y la procrastinación académica en tiempos de coronavirus (COVID-19) en los estudiantes de educación básica regular (EBR) de una institución educativa (IE) pública de Perú. La población estuvo conformada por 1.255 estudiantes de ambos sexos, de entre 12 a 17 años de edad, y se configuró el muestreo no probabilístico, inducido por conveniencia. Se utilizó, para el análisis estadístico, el programa SPSS V.25; asimismo, se aplicó dos cuestionarios con una validez y confiabilidad mayor a 90. No obstante, también se utilizó los Coeficientes de Gamma y D de Somers para detectar el grado y sentido de asociación. Los resultados muestran una correlación alta y muy significativa entre la adicción a las redes sociales y la procrastinación académica (r=0.710; p=0.01). Por lo descrito, la adicción ha tenido un aumento en tiempos de confinamiento correspondiéndole una mayor procrastinación.
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    Adicción a las Tecnologías: Adolescencia, familias y Trabajo Social. Revisión teórica del fenómeno
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2019) Roca Belijar, Carlota
    Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (en adelante, TIC), se encuentran totalmente difundidas en nuestra sociedad actual, tanto es así que ya no es extraño ver a cualquier persona llevando y/o utilizando un móvil o un ordenador con observable asiduidad. Por otra parte, tampoco es menos cierto el hecho de que las mismas se constituyen como una de las herramientas de más utilidad hoy en día, muchas son las ventajas que presentan, permiten desde facilitar la comunicación o relaciones hasta comprar sin salir de casa, por ejemplo. Sin embargo, ¿todo en ellas es positivo?, en los últimos tiempos se está constatando el nacimiento de un nuevo fenómeno que afecta especialmente a adolescentes, y es que, son cada vez más frecuentes los casos en los que éstos/as desarrollan patrones de conducta nocivos o adictivos en relación con el uso de las TIC 1 . Este hecho, puede llegar a tener graves consecuencias, por ejemplo, en la vida familiar de los/as más jóvenes debido a que es precisamente la familia uno de los contextos más próximo o cercano. Así, a lo largo de este artículo se realizará un recorrido teórico por alguna de las cuestiones que giran en torno a una adicción a las TIC, así como a propuestas de abordaje desde perspectiva del Trabajo Social.
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    Editorial: Molecular mechanisms in psychiatry 2023: addictive disorders.
    (Frontiers, 2025-02-17) Fernández López, Lucía; Almela Rojo, Pilar; Falcón Romero, María; Navarro Zaragoza, Javier; Farmacología
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    Effects of a residential multimodal psychological treatmente in an addicted population, at 6 and 12 months: differences between men and women
    Santos De Pascual, A.; Lopez Cano, L. M.; Alcantara Lopez, M. V.; Martinez Perez, A. M.; Lopez Soler, C.; Castro Sáez, Maravillas; Fernández Fernández, María Visitación; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
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    Estudio comparado sobre el uso de nuevas tecnologías entre dos facultades de Educación andaluzas
    (Universidad de Zaragoza, Asociación Universitaria de Formación del Profesorado (AUFOP), 2022) Úbeda-Sánchez, Álvaro Manuel; Álvarez-Ferrándiz, Daniel; Fernández García- Valdecasas, Borja; Cruz Campos, Juan Carlos de la
    En la actualidad, el incremento e impacto de las nuevas tecnologías en la sociedad ha provocado un aumento del uso de internet, móviles, redes sociales o videojuegos entre la población más joven, además del tiempo de dedicación a estos dispositivos como una forma más de comunicación y entretenimiento. Este estudio comparativo-causal de naturaleza ex post facto pretende mediante un cuestionario ad hoc realizar una comparativa entre estudiantes de los grados de Infantil y Primaria de las universidades españolas de Granada y Almería estableciendo si existen diferencias significativas en el uso de estos dispositivos y detectar posibles signos de adicción a las nuevas tecnologías entre la muestra seleccionada. Las submuestras de estudiantes obtienen valores muy similares en las diferentes categorías de los ítems y aunque, a nivel general, no se dan casos evidentes de adicción o dependencia, en el uso del teléfono móvil sí se pueden apreciar ciertos niveles considerables de tendencia a la nomofobia.
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    Exploring the intersection of hegemonic masculinity, sexuality, and addiction in men: a qualitative study
    (2024-12-24) Camacho-Ruíz, Julio A.; Gálvez-Sánchez, Carmen M.; Galli, Federica; Limiñana Gras, Rosa María; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
    Background/Objectives: In our society, as well as in many other parts of the world, sexuality is shaped through gender-differentiated socialization. This process compels individuals to align their desires, behaviors, emotions, and thoughts with the expectations of normative sexuality, especially hegemonic heterosexuality. The primary objective of this current research was to examine the influence of hegemonic masculinity on the sexuality of men struggling with addiction. Method: This study employed a qualitative approach, specifically using conventional content analysis. To ensure research quality and transparency, the study adhered to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) and the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ). Fourteen participants from a therapeutic community for addiction treatment in Spain were selected through purposive sampling. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews, supplemented by participant observation. The sample size was determined based on the principle of data saturation. Results: The findings reveal that factors such as gender-differentiated socialization, particularly the values associated with hegemonic masculinity (e.g., the pressure to maintain constant sexual availability and sexual initiative), alongside excessive engagement with prostitution and pornography, are closely linked to substance abuse, the development of addictions, and the emergence of sexual dysfunctions in men. The study also highlights the role of challenges related to oppression rooted in heteronormativity—understood as the imposition of rigid norms governing sexual orientation and behavior—in shaping sexual problems and in the origin and maintenance of addictions in men. Conclusions: It is essential to implement an intervention strategy that promotes egalitarian masculinities within the treatment of men with addiction issues, emphasizing a biopsychosocial approach to sexuality that integrates a gender perspective. Additionally, it is crucial to incorporate gender-sensitive interventions into rehabilitation programs for both men and women, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of each group’s specific needs and fostering the development of healthy, equitable relationships in the context of addiction treatment.
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    Genetic susceptibility to nicotine and/or alcohol addiction: a systematic review
    (Taylor and Francis Group, 2019-05-23) Pérez Cárceles, María D.; Calle, Irene de la; Arjona, Fuensanta; Roca, Miriam; Cejudo, Pablo; Luna, Aurelio; Osuna, Eduardo; Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    Recent studies have confirmed the wide consumption of tobacco and alcohol in our society and the strong addiction generated by these substances, which is responsible for high public health expenditure. Understanding the biological mechanisms of nicotine and/or alcohol dependence should have huge public health repercussions in the future. The aim of this review was to analyze the main human genes and polymorphisms related to nicotine and/or alcohol addiction, to help understand the biological mechanisms involved and which may be useful for developing new treatments in the future.
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    Mental health in people with substance use disorder: differential aspects between men and women
    (Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Santos de Pascual, Asunción; Saura Garre, Pedro; López Soler, Concepción
    El propósito de este estudio es presentar el perfil psicopatológico y las diferencias entre hombres y mujeres que inician tratamiento residencial para las adicciones. La muestra se compuso de 142 pacientes (116 hombres y 26 mujeres), que cumplimentaron el EuropASI y MMCMI-III. Se analizan variables socio-demográficas, patrón de consumo y otras características, así como patrones, trastornos de personalidad y síndromes clínicos. El grupo de hombres presenta alta prevalencia en el patrón de personalidad antisocial (31%). Las mujeres, en el depresivo (23.1%), dependiente (26.9%) y antisocial (26.9%), solo en el dependiente las diferencias son estadísticamente significativas. En los síndromes clínicos los hombres presentan prevalencia en dependencia de sustancias (86.2%), trastorno de ansiedad (60.3%) y dependencia de alcohol (45.7%), las mujeres en el trastorno de ansiedad (76.9%), dependencia de alcohol (69.2%), sustancias (53.8%) y distímico (46.2%). Aparecen diferencias significativas estadísticamente en el trastorno ansioso, distímico y dependencia de alcohol, donde las mujeres se muestran más afectadas. En el síndrome clínico trastorno de pensamiento los hombres puntúan más alto y las mujeres más altas en depresión, en ambos casos las diferencias son estadísticamente significativas. Se comentan las implicaciones que estos resultados tienen en la evaluación y mejora de los tratamientos
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    ¿Las motivaciones sociales predicen la adicción a las redes sociales en los jóvenes? El papel del flujo y la conciencia algorítmica
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2025) Wang, Xin; Guo, Yin
    El uso adictivo de las redes sociales se ha convertido en un fenómeno cada vez más relevante entre los jóvenes, afectando tanto a su bienestar psicológico como a su comportamiento online. El objetivo principal de este estudio es investigar las asociaciones entre el uso adictivo de las redes sociales, las motivaciones de uso, el flujo y el conocimiento de los algoritmos. Nuestra hipótesis es que la experiencia de flujo y la conciencia del algoritmo son dos mediadores a través de los cuales motivaciones sociales relevantes influyen en el desarrollo de una adicción a las redes sociales. Se utilizan cuestionarios validados para medir las variables del estudio, incluido el BSMAS para evaluar la adicción a las redes sociales. El modelado de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) con pruebas Bootstrap se utiliza para analizar los datos recopilados de una muestra de 580 usuarios más jóvenes de entre 18 y 22 años en China (M= 20.61, SD= 1.32), con un 47.7% de mujeres y un 52.2% d
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    Patterns and challenges in help-seeking for addiction among men: a systematic review
    (MDPI, 2024-10-12) Camacho-Ruíz, Julio A.; Galvez Sánchez, Carmen M.; Limiñana Gras, Rosa María; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos
    Addictive and substance-related disorders represent a substantial public health challenge, marked by rising incidence and prevalence rates. Men and women exhibit different patterns of help-seeking for health and social issues including addictions. This research aimed to analyze the help-seeking process among men with addiction to improve understanding and develop more effective, person-centered treatments. Methods: This systematic review was performed based on the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The protocol of the revision was registered in advance in PROSPERO. Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS) databases. Results: Based on the literature search, 16 studies were included in the current systematic review. The analyzed studies included seven on substance-use disorders, three on gambling disorder, two on tobacco-use disorder, two addressing substance-related disorders in general, one on opioid-use disorder, and one focused on marijuana use. Gender differences influenced help-seeking behavior, with women generally exhibiting a higher propensity to seek assistance for addiction-related issues than men. Seeking help for addiction—whether substance use or gambling—can be hindered by several barriers, particularly public stigma and discrimination, which tend to be more pronounced for alcohol and gambling compared to tobacco. Additional barriers in the help-seeking process include negative beliefs and attitudes toward seeking help, often associated with traditional male gender roles. Each substance-use disorder was analyzed in depth to gain a better understanding of the barriers faced by this population. Conclusions: Integrating a gender perspective into the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of addiction is essential. As addiction patterns vary between men and women, approaches must be tailored accordingly. Recognizing men as a distinct group in research and clinical practice is also crucial for developing more effective and personalized treatments.
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    Propranolol Administration During Morphine Addiction Attenuates Reinstatement of Drug-Aversive Memories Caused by Exposure to Stressful Stimuli
    (MDPI, 2025-12-23) Cánovas Cabanes, Alberto; Teruel Fernández, Francisco Javier; Fernández López, Lucía; Martínez Laorden, Elena; Navarro Zaragoza, Javier; Almela Rojo, Pilar; Farmacología
    Background/Objectives: Situations previously paired with drug use can become conditioned stimuli (i.e., physical stress or psychosocial stress) that elicit intense craving and relapse, even after prolonged abstinence. Previous studies have shown that pharmacological disruption of reconsolidation after memory reactivation could be promising for reducing pathological fear and stress-related responses. For this reason, the aim of this research was to examine the role of β-AR in the retrieval of aversive memories through the potential of β-AR antagonism to mitigate the effects of exposure to stressful stimuli. Methods: This question was addressed using a model to assess the re-emergence of an aversive contextual memory induced by both physical stressors (restraint and tail-pinch) and psychosocial stress (social defeat) in morphine- or saline-treated mice previously subjected to a conditioned place aversion (CPA) paradigm, in which naloxone was administered to precipitate opioid withdrawal. To assess the effects of propranolol on aversive memories related to opioid addiction, the number of chamber crossings and the time spent in the naloxone-paired compartment were measured. Results: Our results showed that morphine-treated mice spent significantly less time in the naloxone-paired chamber than saline mice during the post-test and after exposure to stressful stimuli, than during the pretest, showing an effect for aversive memories in addiction. In contrast, when propranolol was administered intraperitoneally 30 min before the exposure to both social and physical stress, the time spent enhanced significantly (p < 0.01), supporting a role for propranolol in addiction-related memories. Conclusions: These results suggest that propranolol could attenuate the aversive memories that may contribute to relapse to opioid addiction.
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    Sensibilidad a la ansiedad y adicción a los videojuegos en deportistas. El rol protector de la dureza mental.
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2022) López-Mora, Clara; Álvarez, Octavio; González-Hernández, Juan; Castillo, Isabel
    El uso excesivo de los videojuegos y la adicción a los mismos entre los deportistas es una preocupación reciente que va en aumento. La sensibilidad a la ansiedad es un factor de riesgo para las conductas adictivas, del mismo modo que la dureza mental, ampliamente asociada a los deportistas, es un elemento protector. El presente trabajo examina las relaciones entre la sensibilidad a la ansiedad, la dureza mental y la adicción a videojuegos en este contexto. La muestra estuvo compuesta por deportistas (n = 98) de entre 19 -51 años (M edad = 23.94; DT = 7.72) de los cuales 64 fueron hombres y 34 mujeres. Aplicando instrumentos descriptivos sobre sensibilidad a la ansiedad, dureza mental y adicción y dependencia a los videojuegos los resultados indicaron que un aumento de la sensibilidad a la ansiedad física o social correlacionó con una disminución de la dureza mental y la reducción de ésta se asoció con un aumento de la tolerancia a los video juegos. La sensibilidad a la ansiedad social y física tuvo efectos indirectos en el abuso y tolerancia a los videojuegos mediante la dureza mental de los deportistas. Los resultados se discuten entorno al papel de la dureza mental en la comprensión de los problemas de adicción a los videojuegos en deportistas.
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    Smartphone Addiction among Adolescents in Southern Italy and Correlation with Other Risky Behaviors
    (2024-10-05) Cali, María Angela Alessandra; Fernández López, Lucía; Caravaca-Sánchez, Francisco; Navarro Zaragoza, Javier; Falcón Romero, María; Farmacología
    Background: Addiction to smartphone is defined as the disability to cease using the device despite the physical, psychological, or social consequences. The diagnosis of this disorder is increasing exponentially among teenagers, even more so after Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aims to analyze the risk of mobile phone addiction among teenagers in Italy and its relationship with other risk behaviors, such as drug consumption and emotional well-being, following the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Catania, Sicily, during 2022. The study sample comprised 342 students from a secondary education center that answered to a validated Italian version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version (SAS-SV) accessing through computers and mobile devices. Subjective Wellbeing was measured with the Personal Wellbeing Index-School Children (PWI-SC). Also, they completed the NIAAA Brief Alcohol Use Screener. Results: Our results showed that 30.1% of students who participated in the survey were classified with a smartphone addiction. Besides, most of the participants used the Smartphone for social networks (86.0%). Regarding the other aspects measured, the mean self-perceived well-being score measured with the PWI-SC was 55.5, and 36.2% of participants were categorized as “high risk” for depression. Finally, four out of ten participants were at “moderate or high risk” of an alcohol use disorder. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the use of mobile phones is increasing in adolescents, an age group also exposed to social and health problems.
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    Smartphone Addiction, Drug Consumption, and Well-Being among Adolescents after COVID-19 Pandemic
    (IntechOpen, 2025-10-08) Fernández López, Lucía; Navarro Zaragoza, Javier; Falcón Romero, María; Farmacología
    The misuse of mobile phones has been recognized as a significant issue, potentially leading to health problems and even addiction. Smartphone addiction is defined as the inability to stop using the device despite physical, psychological, or social consequences. Adolescents, in particular, are considered highly susceptible to this phenomenon. In fact, the diagnosis of this disorder is increasing exponentially among adolescents, even more so after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, since it has exacerbated the reliance on technology for social, educational, and professional purposes. Excessive mobile phone use among adolescents has been associated with limited academic performance, low self-esteem, and poor social relationships, as well as impulsivity, anxiety, and stress. Additionally, intensive mobile phone use has been linked to substance abuse, including alcohol and other drugs. Thus, this chapter aims to revise smartphone addiction, drug consumption, and self-perceived wellbeing during adolescence; the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on these factors; and the available tools for their measurement.
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    Social networks consumption and addiction in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: educational approach to responsible use
    (MDPI, 2020-09) Gómez Galán, José; Martínez López, José Ángel; Sarasola Sanchez-Serrano, José Luis; Lázaro Pérez, Cristina; Trabajo Social; Sociología y Política Social
    Within the framework of digital sustainability, the increase in Internet consumption, andespecially online social networks, oers social benefits, but is not without its drawbacks. For example,it can lead to psychological and/or psychiatric disorders in some people. Numerous researches arehighlighting the similarities of these addictions with the consumption of toxic substances. Universitystudents are heavy users of the Internet and, in certain situations, addiction to online social networkscan be the result of depression, harassment, and anxiety, among others, aecting their daily life,including their academic responsibilities. In recent months, an anomaly has occurred that mayhave contributed to intensifying this problem, namely the confinement produced by the COVID-19pandemic, which has aected the whole world to a greater or lesser extent. In this cross-sectionalstudy, with a descriptive and quantitative methodology, students from 14 Spanish universities wereinvestigated in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to understand the eects of thissituation on the problem described. The results show a high consumption of social networks duringthat time, with significant incidences of addiction. In parallel, the presence of comorbidity has beendetermined. In this scenario, it would be necessary to implement university educational programs toredirect these addictive behaviors, as well as preventative recommendations and actions to minimizenegative impacts. This is a major problem that is growing, exacerbated by the global pandemicproduced by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Situations of this gravity call for the development ofpreventive and educational measures for the responsible and sustainable use of ICT