Browsing by Subject "3D reconstruction"

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    Comparative anatomy of the nasal cavity in the common dolphin Delphinus delphis L., striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba M. and pilot whale Globicephala melas T.: a developmental study
    (MDPI, 2021-02-08) Ríos y Loshuertos, Alvaro García de los; Soler Laguía, Marta; Arencibia Espinosa, Alberto; López Fernández, Alfredo; Covelo Figueiredo, Pablo; Martínez Gomariz, Francisco; Sánchez Collado, Cayetano; García Carrillo, Nuria; Ramírez Zarzosa, Gregorio José; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada; Facultad de Veterinaria
    Our goal was to analyze the main anatomical structures of the dolphin external nose and nasal cavity from fetal developmental stages to adult. Endoscopy was used to study the common development of the external nose and the melon, and nasal mucosa. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and anatomical sections were correlated with anatomical sections. Computed tomography (CT) was used to generate 3D reconstructions of the nasal bones and nasal cavities to study its development. Dissections, histological and pathological studies were carried out on the nasal mucosa to understand its function. These results were compared with the horse. Endoscopy showed an external nose with two lips and the upper lip is divided by a groove due to the nasal septum and an obstruction of right nasal cavity was diagnosed in a newborn. Two diverticula (air sacs) were found in the nasal vestibule and an incisive recess (premaxillary sac) in the nasal cavity. These findings were corroborated by 3D reconstructions of the nasal cavities, MRI, anatomical sections and dissections. The presphenoid and ethmoid bones were fused at early stages of fetal development. The ethmoid is the last bone to ossify in the nasal cavity.
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    High-resolution three-dimensional visualization of hepatic sinusoids in cirrhotic rats via serial histological sections
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2021) Liu, Jing-Yi; Lv, Wen-Juan; Jian, Jian-Bo; Xin, Xiao-Hong; Zhao, Xin-Yan; Hu, Chun-Hong
    Aim. As a specialized intraparenchymal vascular conduit, hepatic sinusoids play a key role in liver microcirculation. This study aimed to explore the three-dimensional (3D) morphological changes of cirrhotic sinusoids by serial histological sections. Methods. Cirrhosis was induced by tail vein injection of albumin in Wistar rats with a positive antibody. A total of 356 serial histological sections were prepared from liver tissue blocks of normal and cirrhotic rats. The optical microscope images were registered and reconstructed, and 3D reconstructions of the fine structures of fibrous tissues and sinusoids were subsequently visualized. Results. The fibrosis area of the cirrhotic sample was 6-16 times that of the normal sample (P<0.001). Cirrhosis led to obvious changes in the distribution and morphology of sinusoids, which were mainly manifested as dilation, increased quantity and disordered distribution. Compared with normal liver, cirrhotic liver has a significantly increased volume ratio, number and volume of sinusoids (1.63-, 0.53-, and 1.75-fold, respectively, P<0.001). Furthermore, the samples were further divided into three zones according to the oxygen supply, and there were significant differences in the morphology of the sinusoids in the normal and cirrhotic samples (P<0.05). In particular, morphological parameters of the cirrhotic sinusoids near the portal area were obviously greater than those in the normal liver (P<0.05). Conclusion. 3D morphological structures of hepatic sinusoids were reconstructed, and the adaptive microstructure changes of cirrhotic sinusoids were accurately measured, which has an important implications for the study of hepatic microcirculation and pathological changes of cirrhosis.